There is a critical need to develop an affordable, non-ionizing, three-dimensional (3-D) quantitative imaging modality for screening women who are at higher risk for breast cancer and monitoring changes in breast tissue properties in response to treatment protocols. Given increasing recognition of the importance of breast density in individualized risk assessment and prevention decisions, there is also an emerging need to develop such a modality for evaluating breast density in the general population and monitoring changes in density in response to preventative interventions. 3-D microwave imaging - a non-ionizing molecular imaging technique that senses the endogenous (and possibly exogenously influenced) dielectric properties of breast tissue - has great potential to meet these needs. The long-term goal is to develop and integrate microwave imaging into the arsenal of tools available to the breast care clinician. The objective of this project, which is directed toward achieving this long-term goal, is to develop and evaluate a 3-D quantitative microwave imaging system based on advanced sensor hardware, algorithms, and computational platforms and to demonstrate the feasibility of performing a rigorous validation of microwave imaging against breast MRI, a clinical 3-D benchmark. The following specific aims will be pursued to achieve this objective: 1) Construct a compact, efficient 3-D microwave sensor system that enables co-registration with MRI;2) Develop computationally efficient high- resolution 3-D microwave imaging algorithms that are integrated with the hardware system;and 3) Conduct a small-scale proof-of-concept imaging study with human research subjects. The project is innovative both in terms of the clinical applications and the technical approach. First, breast density evaluation and contrast- enhanced detection of breast cancer represent two new directions for microwave imaging. Second, our non- invasive quantitative microwave imaging system will employ efficient multi-band miniaturized antennas in a dense 3-D array and multi-frequency, physiologically constrained, 3-D inverse scattering algorithms. Most importantly, an innovative system configuration will maintain the position of the breast during both the MRI (benchmark) and microwave (test) scans, enabling an objective and unambiguous validation of microwave breast imaging. The proposed research is significant because it is expected to provide clinical evidence of the efficacy of 3-D microwave breast imaging and ultimately yield an affordable, widely available, and safe imaging solution for automated, quantitative breast density evaluation in the general population and cancer screening in a currently underserved sub-population of women who are known to be at higher risk.

Public Health Relevance

The microwave imaging technology proposed here has demonstrated potential as an affordable, non-ionizing quantitative breast imaging modality that is sensitive to molecular changes in the breast. Important public health applications include breast cancer screening for high-risk patients, monitoring changes in breast tissue properties in response to prevention and treatment protocols, and evaluating breast density in the general population for risk assessment. The outcomes are expected to ultimately have a positive impact on the health of women worldwide, particularly those who are at greatest risk for breast cancer and who are in underserved populations.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Exploratory/Developmental Grants (R21)
Project #
1R21CA161369-01
Application #
8166091
Study Section
Biomedical Imaging Technology Study Section (BMIT)
Program Officer
Baker, Houston
Project Start
2011-09-26
Project End
2013-08-31
Budget Start
2011-09-26
Budget End
2012-08-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$156,639
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Wisconsin Madison
Department
Engineering (All Types)
Type
Schools of Engineering
DUNS #
161202122
City
Madison
State
WI
Country
United States
Zip Code
53715
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Burfeindt, Matthew J; Shea, Jacob D; Van Veen, Barry D et al. (2014) Beamforming-Enhanced Inverse Scattering for Microwave Breast Imaging. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag 62:5126-5132
Aguilar, Suzette M; Al-Joumayly, Mudar A; Burfeindt, Matthew J et al. (2013) Multi-Band Miniaturized Patch Antennas for a Compact, Shielded Microwave Breast Imaging Array. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag 62:1221-1231
Burfeindt, Matthew J; Colgan, Timothy J; Mays, R Owen et al. (2012) MRI-Derived 3-D-Printed Breast Phantom for Microwave Breast Imaging Validation. IEEE Antennas Wirel Propag Lett 11:1610-1613
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