Integration of innovative investigations into undergraduate microbiology, zoology, and plant biology laboratories is occurring through the acquisition of a computer-interfaced Lecia Stereocan 420 scanning electron microscope (SEM). Innovative investigations enable undergraduate students to (1) utilize the scientific method in designing experiments, (2) master new technologies, (3) obtain qualitative and quantitative data, (4) develop conclusions based on data, (5) understand the principles of specimen collection and preparation, (6) understand the principles of SEM operation, and (7) develop expertise in SEM operation. Undergraduate students can use the instrument in Introductory Microbiology, Ornithology, Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy, Plant Physiology, Plant Anatomy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Independent Study as part of required laboratory exercises. SEM exercises are being integrated into existing laboratory schedules designed to (1) teach concepts, sample preparation, and analyses and (2) to interest students with information and research opportunities that are revealed by utilization of the instrument. Students are given hands-on experience utilizing the SEM to study micromorphological characteristics of bacterial isolates, mallophagous mites of birds, effects of heavy metal containing wastewater on root hair development and nodule formation in legumes, quantitative assessment of sunken glandular trichomes in sweet basil treated with or without natural pesticides, evaluation of organelle purity obtained by density gradient centrifugation of soybean extracts, and surface modification in avian epidermal pore structure. Students can acquire knowledge in data analysis, instrumental "know-how," and state-of-the-art training needed to enter the job market as confident and productive scientists.
