The study aims to determine whether there are differences in health measures, particularly of cardio-metabolic risk, between children conceived by infertility treatment and children conceived naturally. Children conceived by infertility include those born by assisted reproductive technologies (ART) and after non-ART treatments such as controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) or ovulation induction (OI). Treatment effects could arise either from the process of ovulation stimulation (which may be shared by both ART and non-ART treatments) or in vitro culture (which only occurs in ART). Epigenetics may be the mechanism underlying treatment effects. The study propose to continue the longitudinal follow-up of children (singletons and twins) from the Upstate New York Infant Development Screening Program (Upstate KIDS) from 6-8 years. This study will re-recruit participants from t original Upstate KIDS cohort; approximately 1100 children (singletons or twins) conceived by infertility treatment and 2100 children conceived naturally. A subgroup of children will undergo in-home or clinic examinations (~900 one-time with ~100 repeated for a total of 1000 visits) that include blood pressure, lipid testing, and adiposity measurement. The first children to be recruited into the original study were born in late 2008 so that children will begin to turn 6 years old end of 2014. Home/Clinic visits will be used to collect measured data by trained technicians at one time.
