The primary objective of this IAA is to support the research and early development of medical countermeasures (MCMs) against chemical threats that target the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Projects supported under this IAA were developed jointly between the NIH/NIAID/CCRP and the DoD/USAMRICD. Chemical threats to the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes include chemical warfare agents and various toxic industrial chemical/materials. The research purpose of this IAA is to develop in vitro, in vivo, and/or ex vivo models of the acute and/or chronic long-term toxic effect of exposure to the chemical threats for the purpose of MCM development.