This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Identifying ways to increase physical activity (PA) is paramount to controlling the epidemic of obesity and its co-morbidities, including type 2 diabetes. For unknown reasons, post-obese women and black women appear to be especially prone to weight gain. To extend our current studies in order to examine the effectiveness of exercise training to improve free-living PA and, in turn, energy balance and weight control. Specifically, we hypothesize that resistance exercise training will be more effective than aerobic and no exercise training in 1) increasing the physiologic ease of, and spontaneous engagement in physical activities of daily living, and 2) increasing total daily energy expenditure and weight-loss maintenance of obese black and white women. Obese premenopausal black and white women will be randomized to either diet-only, diet+aerobic or diet+resistance exercise training groups. Diet/behavior intervention, with or without the aerobic or resistance exercise training, will be provided throughout the 18 months of study. Changes in body composition will be assessed by the 4-compartment model, and insulin resistance by the insulin modified, frequently-sampled intravenous glucose, tolerance test. Major outcomes will include measures of perceived and physiologic difficulty of exercise (cardiac, ventilatory, electromyographic responses to standardized exercise tasks); aerobic fitness; strength fitness (isometric tests); and spontaneous free-living PA, activity-related energy expenditure, non-exercise activity thermaogenesis, and total daily free-living energy expenditure (all derived from doubly labeled water).
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