This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The protocol 'A Study of the Virological and Immunological Events in Acute/Early HIV-1 Infection' is an observational study of subjects with newly acquired HIV infection. This protocol enrolls and intensively samples persons who present with primary HIV in order to provide specimens for immunology and virology investigations of acute and early HIV infection. Subjects are followed with standardized clinical, immunological and virological evaluations, with an emphasis on quantitation of virus in tissue compartments, including genital secretions, rectal mucosa, and sputum. Use of leukapheresis in order to study resting CD4 lymphocytes as a viral reservoir is an important component of these investigations and the reason for application to the GCRC. Leukapheresis will be utilized to collect large numbers of cells in order to further assess the establishment of latent infection in resting CD4+ lymphocytes, and to determine the impact of initiation of antiretroviral viral therapy at different times after infection on this pool of latently infected cells.
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