This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections is a significant risk factor for Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the development of HPV-associated lesions in the female genital tract. It has been established on the basis of controlled clinical trials that: 1)HIV-infected women are approximately five times as likely to experience cervical dysplasia (i.e., squamous intraepithelial neoplasia) as HIV- negative women: and 2) in HIV-infected women, HPV DNA can be detected in cervicovaginal lavage fluid (CVL) or on vaginal cervical swabs two to five times as frequently as in specimens obtained from HIV- negative women. These findings suggest that HIV infection and/or HIV-related immunosuppression increase a women's susceptibility to HPV infection or alter the natural history of preexisting HPV infection. It is not known whether treatment will potent antiretroviral regimens could affect the persistence of HPV infection and progression of cervical dysplasia. Presumably, restoration of restoration of immune surveillance in the genital tract would retard the establishment of persistent HPV infection, but this can only be determined by prospectively monitoring a group of subjects with documented genital HPV infection over a period of years.
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