This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing theresources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject andinvestigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source,and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed isfor the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator.Purpose: Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a marker of cellular energy status, is activated by phosphorylation of Thr 172 within the catalytic subunit. Metformin is known to induce AMPK activity. AMPK activation occurs in vitro in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBM), but there are no in vivo studies in human PBM. This study will determine if human PBM can be used as a noninvasive method of measuring changes in AMPK activity induced by metformin. As insulin resistance (IR) is associated with decreased AMPK activity, this study will also determine if there is a difference in AMPK activity in human PBM at baseline and in response to metformin between lean insulin sensitive (IS), obese IS, and obese IR subjects.Participants: 18-55yo nondiabetic lean and obese men and womenProcedures (methods): Obtain blood samples before, after 2 days (48hrs), and after 4 days (96hrs) of metformin therapy. Isolate the mononuclear cells. Perform electrophoresis of the lysate to separate proteins, then immunoblot with antibody to both total AMPK and phospho-AMPK Thr 172.
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