This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is among the most common endrocrine disorders in premenopausal women. It is characterized by hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation and substantial defects in insulin action and secretion. PCOS has substantial reproductive and metabolic morbidities and is the major risk factor for impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes. PCOS features are also frequently associated with obesity. Moreover, obesity exacerbates many of reproductive and metabolic abnormalities associated with PCOS. There is a post-binding defect in insulin signaling that has unique phenotypic features, and these abnormalities persist in cultured PCOS cells. However, insulin sensitivity normalizes in cultured PCOS cells suggesting that circulating factors cause insulin resistance in this tissue in vivo. In support of this hypothesis, cultured PCOS skeletal muscle has increased susceptibility to the insulin resistance-inducing effects of exogenous fatty acids. We seek to study the fat and skeletal muscle tissues to investigate insulin action and lipolysis in normal and PCOS subjects. We will determine whether there are distinctive and intrinsic defects in the regulation of lipolysis specific for PCOS and/or obesity in two different fat depots, abdominal visceral and subcutaneous. Also, we will perform studies to determine post-binding defects in insulin signaling in these tissues and cultured cells.
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