This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The assessment and quantification of neonatal pain is a difficult endeavor that has been studied for several decades. Numerous pain scales have been developed for various subgroups of infants, but most lack clinical utility for various reasons. A pain assessment tool is needed that is psychometrically sound, clinically feasible, and useful with infants of varying gestational ages, from the very, very preterm (less than 26 weeks) to the full term neonate (40 weeks). Pain behaviors of very preterm infants and full term infants differ remarkably. An assessment tool is needed that can be used for widely different gestational age groups. Children's Hospital of Iowa Infant Pain (CHIIP) Scale, developed at Children's Hospital of Iowa, is a potentially useful scale. This work extends the validity and reliability estimations for the CHIIP. Infants in the NICU at UIHC who are receiving pain medication will be videotaped just before the medication and approximately 30 minutes after the medication. Raters who are blind to pre-med or post-med status will score the videos using the CHIIP scale. Sixty babies, with 20 in each gestational age group (<28 weeks, 28 through 36 weeks, and >36 weeks), will be videotaped. Differences in pain scores between paired videos will be analyzed.
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