This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is associated with an increased risk of perianesthetic respiratory complications in children, including laryngospasm, severe coughing, breath holding, oxygen desaturation, and increased oxygen requirement. A quantitative screening tool for ETS in children is desirable because historical screening is inaccurate and unreliable. Some quantitative tests have disadvantages that make them poor screening tools. Blood carboxyhemoglobin levels require an invasive blood draw. Urinary cotinine concentration is accurate and correlates well with ETS, but takes too long to perform to be used as a screening device. Exhaled (end-tidal) carbon monoxide (CO) can be accurately measured by a handheld, battery powered, electrochemical sensor device and correlates well with amount of cigarette smoking in teenagers and adults. As a screening tool, exhaled CO has benefits of being noninvasive, simple, and immediate. We propose to evaluate exhaled CO as a screening tool for exposure to ETS in preanesthetic children.
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