This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing theresources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject andinvestigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source,and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed isfor the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator.The incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in the pediatric population has increased alarmingly over the last decade. Insulin resistance (IR) is a precursor for type 2 diabetes. An epidemiologic link between sleep disordered breathing (SDB) and IR has been shown in adults. This study will investigate if such association is also present in children. We propose to determine the association between SDB and IR by comparing indices of insulin sensitivity, inflammatory and cardiovascular risk markers between lean children with and without SDB. Lean children (BMI <85th percentile for age and sex) who report symptoms suggestive of SDB (history of snoring interrupted by snorts and gasps, or snoring associated with episodes of apnea) will be evaluated with an overnight sleep study. Children diagnosed with SDB (n=30) and lean children without SDB (n=30) will be evaluated by measurements of insulin sensitivity, oral glucose tolerance test, inflammatory and cardiovascular risk markers, air displacement plethysmography to determine percentage of body fat. Indices of insulin sensitivity, inflammatory and cardiovascular risk markers will be compared between the group using t-tests for independent data. Indices of insulin sensitivity, inflammatory and cardiovascular risk markers will be tested for association with indices of sleep apnea via Pearson product-moment correlations. The potential contributing effect of adiposity on insulin sensitivity will also be determined by Pearson partial correlations. This study will allow us to determine if SDB is independently associated with IR in children.
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