This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The objective of this proposal is to investigate the functional relationships between insulin sensitivity with body fat mass and distribution (central vs. peripheral fat) in healthy Native American and Caucasian children. Hypotheses: The central hypotheses are that: 1) there is an inverse relationship between insulin sensitivity and Native American blood quantum (percentage of Native American blood), and 2) at any given body mass index (BMI), Native American children will, have greater amounts of total body fat and be more insulin-resistant than Caucasian children. Subjects: Four study groups utilizing a non-matched study design of Native Americans and Caucasian children (12 - 17 years old) divided by males and females using 8 per group will serve as study subjects (total N=32). Methods: Insulin sensitivity will be assessed utilizing the frequently sampled insulin glucose tolerance test (FSIGTT) while total body fat and distribution will be measured with DEXA. Significance: The results will be significant, because they will enhance our understanding of the underlying metabolic and physiologic characteristics that contribute to observed racial and ethnic differences in the incidence of type-2 diabetes in children, which made lead to innovative, culturally-specific strategies toward prevention and treatment.
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