This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing theresources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject andinvestigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source,and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed isfor the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator.The Women's Interagency HIV Study initiated the Intensive Pharmacokinetic Sub-study in order to assess exposure to antiretroviral treatment among HIV-positive women, including indices of adherence, clearance and bioavailability, and to identify the factors that significantly influence variance in bioavailability and clearance of the most commonly used antiretroviral protease inhibitors and the most commonly used non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors among WIHS women, including use of other drugs and medications, ethnicity, multidrug-resistance transporter 1 genotype, body mass, liver and renal function, diet, symptoms such as diarrhea and fever, smoking and concurrent infections such as hepatitis C. The four drugs chosen for study are Nelfinavir (Viracept), Lopinavir (Kaletra), Efavirenz (Sustiva), and Nevirapine (Viramune). The sub-study will include 480 women across the country, 80 from the Washington Metropolitan WIHS. Women are admitted to the GCRC within 30 days of their core WIHS study visit. During their GCRC stay, a urine pregnancy test is completed and blood is drawn at intervals determined by the target medication they are taking. All blood specimens are shipped to the Benet Lab in San Francisco, CA., for pharmacokinetic testing and analysis will include these test results and data gathered at the core WIHS visit.
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