The Prostate, Lung, Colon-rectum and Ovary Cancer Screening Trial is designed to determine in screenees aged 60-74 years at_entry_ whether: a. In females and males (1) screening with flexible sigmoidoscopy (60 cm sigmoidoscope) can reduce mortality from colo-rectal cancer; and, (2) screening with chest x-ray can reduce mortality from lung cancer. b. In males (1) screening with digital rectal examination plus serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) can reduce mortality from prostate cancer; C. In females (1) screening with pelvic examination plus CA 125 and transvaginal ultrasound can reduce mortality from ovarian cancer; The secondary objectives are: (1) to assess screening variables other than mortality for each of the interventions including sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value; (2) to assess incidence, stage, and survival experience of cancer cases and (3) to investigate the mortality predictive value of biologic and or prognostic characterizations of tumor tissue as intermediate endpoints. This contractor will recruit and randomize to screening or control 15,000 subjects in equal gender balance. Screening will be annual for four years, except that sigmoidoscopy will be dome only in the initial and last screen. Subjects will be followed for ten years from entry. A total of 148,000 subjects will be recruited by ten participating Screening Centers. The trial also includes a Data Management and Coordinating Center and a Laboratory for blood assays.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Division of Cancer Prevention And Control (NCI)
Type
Research and Development Contracts (N01)
Project #
N01CN025515-000
Application #
2302339
Study Section
Project Start
1992-09-30
Project End
2008-09-29
Budget Start
1992-09-30
Budget End
1993-09-29
Support Year
Fiscal Year
1992
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Pacific Health Research Institute
Department
Type
DUNS #
077664704
City
Honolulu
State
HI
Country
United States
Zip Code
96813
Kang, Xiaozheng; Liu, Hongliang; Onaitis, Mark W et al. (2016) Polymorphisms of the centrosomal gene (FGFR1OP) and lung cancer risk: a meta-analysis of 14,463 cases and 44,188 controls. Carcinogenesis 37:280-289
Cote, Michele L; Alhajj, Tala; Ruterbusch, Julie J et al. (2015) Risk factors for endometrial cancer in black and white women: a pooled analysis from the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium (E2C2). Cancer Causes Control 26:287-296
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Pinsky, Paul F; Gierada, David S; Hocking, William et al. (2014) National Lung Screening Trial findings by age: Medicare-eligible versus under-65 population. Ann Intern Med 161:627-33
Kvale, Paul A; Johnson, Christine Cole; Tammemägi, Martin et al. (2014) Interval lung cancers not detected on screening chest X-rays: How are they different? Lung Cancer 86:41-6
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Gierada, David S; Pinsky, Paul; Nath, Hrudaya et al. (2014) Projected outcomes using different nodule sizes to define a positive CT lung cancer screening examination. J Natl Cancer Inst 106:
Patz Jr, Edward F; Pinsky, Paul; Gatsonis, Constantine et al. (2014) Overdiagnosis in low-dose computed tomography screening for lung cancer. JAMA Intern Med 174:269-74
Marcus, Pamela M; Ogden, Sheryl L; Gren, Lisa H et al. (2014) Non-compliance with the initial screening exam visit in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. Prev Med 67:82-8
National Lung Screening Trial Research Team; Church, Timothy R; Black, William C et al. (2013) Results of initial low-dose computed tomographic screening for lung cancer. N Engl J Med 368:1980-91

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