Abstract

The long term goal of this project is to translate in vitro and clinical findings about Tropical Infectious Diseases into the in vivo realities of impoverished Brazilian families who suffer their deadly consequences. By defining the lay language of severe childhood illness and its correlation with biomedical disease categories, medical advances aimed at reducing the staggering infant/childhood mortality in Northeast Brazil can be applied and made understood at the household/community level. The research design combines 1.) qualitative anthropological interview methods involving the elicitation and analysis of illness explanatory models from village traditional healers, impoverished mothers, and Brazilian physicians; 2.) epidemiologic investigation of retrospective and terminal illness episodes at the community level; 3.) a case control study of 50 hospitalized pediatric """"""""Illness of The Child"""""""" patients; and 4.) implementation of a high risk identification and referral system in University of Fortaleza at Ceara's primary health care program and evaluation of its impact on reducing mortality due to """"""""Illness of The Child"""""""".

  Funding Agency

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Program Projects (P01)
Project #
5P01AI026512-03
Application #
3803727
Study Section
Project Start
Project End
Budget Start
Budget End
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
1991
Total Cost
Indirect Cost

  Institution

Name
University of Virginia
Department
Type
DUNS #
001910777
City
Charlottesville
State
VA
Country
United States
Zip Code
22904

  Publications

Holaday, B J (2000) Role of CD8+ T cells in endogenous interleukin-10 secretion associated with visceral leishmaniasis. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 95:217-20
Holaday, B J (1999) Immunotherapy for visceral leishmaniasis: ability of factors produced during anti-leishmania responses of skin test positive adults to inhibit peripheral blood mononuclear cell activities associated with visceral leishmaniasis. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 94:55-66
Silva, A C; Santos-Neto, M S; Soares, A M et al. (1998) Efficacy of a glutamine-based oral rehydration solution on the electrolyte and water absorption in a rabbit model of secretory diarrhea induced by cholera toxin. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 26:513-9
Rocha, M F; Soares, A M; Flores, C A et al. (1998) Intestinal secretory factor released by macrophages stimulated with Clostridium difficile toxin A: role of interleukin 1beta. Infect Immun 66:4910-6
Rocha, M F; Maia, M E; Bezerra, L R et al. (1997) Clostridium difficile toxin A induces the release of neutrophil chemotactic factors from rat peritoneal macrophages: role of interleukin-1beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and leukotrienes. Infect Immun 65:2740-6
Koopmans, M P; Goosen, E S; Lima, A A et al. (1997) Association of torovirus with acute and persistent diarrhea in children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 16:504-7
Lima, A A; Silva, T M; Gifoni, A M et al. (1997) Mucosal injury and disruption of intestinal barrier function in HIV-infected individuals with and without diarrhea and cryptosporidiosis in northeast Brazil. Am J Gastroenterol 92:1861-6
Braga, L L; Lima, A A; Sears, C L et al. (1996) Seroepidemiology of Entamoeba histolytica in a slum in northeastern Brazil. Am J Trop Med Hyg 55:693-7
Walser, B L; Lima, A A; Guerrant, R L (1996) Effects of high-dose oral vitamin A on diarrheal episodes among children with persistent diarrhea in a northeast Brazilian community. Am J Trop Med Hyg 54:582-5
Zu, S X; Li, J F; Barrett, L J et al. (1994) Seroepidemiologic study of Cryptosporidium infection in children from rural communities of Anhui, China and Fortaleza, Brazil. Am J Trop Med Hyg 51:1-10

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