Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infections have been uniquely linked to the development and the severity of asthma. Virus-specific cellular immunity, particularly the CTL response, is implicated in the immunopathogenesis of RSV infection. We have shown that nasopharyngeal concentrations of MIP-1alpha, a prototype of viral-inducible airway epithelial chemokines, correlate with the degree of illness severity in RSV-infected children and that mice genetically deficient in MIP-1 alpha (-/-) have a striking reduction in lung inflammation. We hypothesize that MIP-alpha, by virtue of its activity on both NK cells and CTL, functions as a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity to RSV, thus playing a crucial role in restricting viral replication, yet inducing mucosal inflammation, wheezing and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). In this project we propose the following aims: 1. Identify the contribution of MIP-1 alpha in the control of viral replication and development of RSV-induced lung inflammation, AHR and illness. Using MIP-1alpha -/- mice, we will test the hypothesis that MIP-let expression is necessary for viral clearance, but also linked to the pathogenesis of AHR and clinical illness in RSV infections. 2. Investigate the requirement of MIP-1 et for the migration and activation of NK cells and NK-cell driven CTL responses in RSV infection. We will test whether MIP-1alpha promotes NK cell migration to the lung, activation, and antiviral function and whether it regulates NK-dependent RSV-specific CTL responses. 3. Analyze the spectrum of RSV-inducible proteins in the lung of mice, either control or MIP-1 alpha deficient, using a high-throughput proteomics approach with 2D SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy. We will generate databases of lung proteins from RSV-infected mice to identify downstream proteins/mediators affected by MIP-let-dependent pathways. 4. Analyze whether distinct protein patterns at the airway mucosal site can discriminate between infants with different severity of illness or degree of chemokine response following naturally-acquired RSV infection. By the high-throughput proteomics approach we will identify specific proteins or protein patterns in nasopharyngeal secretions that may contribute to the pathogenesis or severity of RSV-induced disease, and are associated with greater production of MIP-1alpha or other epithelial-derived chemokines. These studies will contribute to the identification of new strategies to promptly recognize, prevent, or early treat the most severe clinical forms of RSV infection in infancy, thus reducing the long-term burden of recurrent wheezing and asthma.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Program Projects (P01)
Project #
1P01AI062885-01
Application #
6878399
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZAI1-GB-I (S1))
Project Start
2004-09-01
Project End
2010-03-31
Budget Start
2004-09-01
Budget End
2006-03-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2005
Total Cost
$169,443
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Texas Medical Br Galveston
Department
Type
DUNS #
800771149
City
Galveston
State
TX
Country
United States
Zip Code
77555
Tian, Bing; Liu, Zhiqing; Yang, Jun et al. (2018) Selective Antagonists of the Bronchiolar Epithelial NF-?B-Bromodomain-Containing Protein 4 Pathway in Viral-Induced Airway Inflammation. Cell Rep 23:1138-1151
Ba, Xueqing; Boldogh, Istvan (2018) 8-Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1: Beyond repair of the oxidatively modified base lesions. Redox Biol 14:669-678
Visnes, Torkild; Cázares-Körner, Armando; Hao, Wenjing et al. (2018) Small-molecule inhibitor of OGG1 suppresses proinflammatory gene expression and inflammation. Science 362:834-839
Ochoa, Lorenzo F; Kholodnykh, Alexander; Villarreal, Paula et al. (2018) Imaging of Murine Whole Lung Fibrosis by Large Scale 3D Microscopy aided by Tissue Optical Clearing. Sci Rep 8:13348
Liu, Zhiqing; Tian, Bing; Chen, Haiying et al. (2018) Discovery of potent and selective BRD4 inhibitors capable of blocking TLR3-induced acute airway inflammation. Eur J Med Chem 151:450-461
Bao, Xiaoyong; Kolli, Deepthi; Esham, Dana et al. (2018) Human Metapneumovirus Small Hydrophobic Protein Inhibits Interferon Induction in Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells. Viruses 10:
Chahar, Harendra Singh; Corsello, Tiziana; Kudlicki, Andrzej S et al. (2018) Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Changes Cargo Composition of Exosome Released from Airway Epithelial Cells. Sci Rep 8:387
Hosoki, Koa; Rajarathnam, Krishna; Sur, Sanjiv (2018) Attenuation of murine allergic airway inflammation with a CXCR1/CXCR2 chemokine receptor inhibitor. Clin Exp Allergy :
Tian, Bing; Widen, Steven G; Yang, Jun et al. (2018) The NF?B subunit RELA is a master transcriptional regulator of the committed epithelial-mesenchymal transition in airway epithelial cells. J Biol Chem 293:16528-16545
Graber, Ted G; Rawls, Brandy L; Tian, Bing et al. (2018) Repetitive TLR3 activation in the lung induces skeletal muscle adaptations and cachexia. Exp Gerontol 106:88-100

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