The subject of this program project is islet transplantation, with a focus upon optimizing the source of insulin producing cells and genetically modifying these cells to withstand xenograft rejection and autoimmunity. Porcine islet cells will be altered by gene transfer with viral vectors to modulate the immune reaction locally and to enhance beta cell defense against apoptosis. An interdisciplinary team has been assembled to propose four collaborative projects and two scientific cores, with the following goals: Project 1 (Weir/Bonner-Weir/Mulligan): To better understand the development of porcine neonatal pancreatic endocrine cells and to optimize their potential for transplantation. To establish the conditions for genetic modification of rat and porcine islet cells using different viral vector systems to provide long term expression. Project 2 (lipes): To genetically engineer cells of the intermediate lobe of the pituitary to produce insulin in response to physiological stimuli such as glucose and gut hormone. This genetic modification will be accomplished by transgenesis and the use of viral vectors. Project 3 (Ferran/Bach): To test the hypothesis that cell death from apoptosis is an important pathway for immunemediated islet graft failure, and that protection against this process can be accomplished by transduction into beta cells of genes that are anti-apoptic and cytokine inhibitors. Project 4 (Auchincloss): To examine the mechanisms by which xenogeneic islets are rejected through the use of murine and primate models. To evaluate humoral rejection, direct versus indirect T cell responses, and the relative consequences of Th1 and Th2 cytokine production. Scientific Core B (Weir): To provide rodent and porcine (both neonatal and adult) islets. Scientific Core C (Hancock/Bonner-Weir): To provide services to evaluate the immunopathologyy, apoptosis and morphometry of islets.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Program Projects (P01)
Project #
5P01DK053087-02
Application #
2838172
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZDK1-GRB-8 (M1))
Program Officer
Eggerman, Thomas L
Project Start
1998-02-15
Project End
2002-11-30
Budget Start
1999-04-01
Budget End
1999-11-30
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
1999
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Joslin Diabetes Center
Department
Type
DUNS #
071723084
City
Boston
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
02215
Koulmanda, M; Qipo, A; Fan, Z et al. (2012) Prolonged survival of allogeneic islets in cynomolgus monkeys after short-term triple therapy. Am J Transplant 12:1296-302
Laybutt, D R; Hawkins, Y C; Lock, J et al. (2007) Influence of diabetes on the loss of beta cell differentiation after islet transplantation in rats. Diabetologia 50:2117-25
Koulmanda, M; Smith, R N; Qipo, A et al. (2006) Prolonged survival of allogeneic islets in cynomolgus monkeys after short-term anti-CD154-based therapy: nonimmunologic graft failure? Am J Transplant 6:687-96
Koulmanda, Maria; Laufer, Terri M; Auchincloss Jr, Hugh et al. (2004) Prolonged survival of fetal pig islet xenografts in mice lacking the capacity for an indirect response. Xenotransplantation 11:525-30
Koulmanda, M; Qipo, A; Chebrolu, S et al. (2003) The effect of low versus high dose of streptozotocin in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascilularis). Am J Transplant 3:267-72
Omer, Abdulkadir; Keegan, Mitchell; Czismadia, Eva et al. (2003) Macrophage depletion improves survival of porcine neonatal pancreatic cell clusters contained in alginate macrocapsules transplanted into rats. Xenotransplantation 10:240-51
Koulmanda, Maria; Qipo, Andi; Smith, R Neal et al. (2003) Pig islet xenografts are resistant to autoimmune destruction by non-obese diabetic recipients after anti-CD4 treatment. Xenotransplantation 10:178-84
Grey, Shane T; Longo, Christopher; Shukri, Tala et al. (2003) Genetic engineering of a suboptimal islet graft with A20 preserves beta cell mass and function. J Immunol 170:6250-6
Omer, Abdulkadir; Duvivier-Kali, Valerie F; Trivedi, Nitin et al. (2003) Survival and maturation of microencapsulated porcine neonatal pancreatic cell clusters transplanted into immunocompetent diabetic mice. Diabetes 52:69-75
Koulmanda, M; Qipo, A; Auchincloss Jr, H et al. (2003) Effects of streptozotocin on autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice. Clin Exp Immunol 134:210-6

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