Abstract

Quantitative estimates of the human health hazards posed by toxic metals in the environment play the key role in setting realistic exposure standards and in devising efficient preventive measures. Three recognized heavy metals provide the focus for this program project: mercury (both as methylmercury and as metallic mercury vapor), cadmium and lead. Since toxicity is typically both defined and determined by multiple factors, the research plan is also multidimensional. It encompasses investigations of the physical and chemical properties of metals and metal compounds that determine how they enter the body; of how they are handled (distributed, metabolized) by the body and its organ systems; of their capacity to impair the processes of reproduction and development; of their action on behavior and the nervous system; of their potential for tissue pathology; of their impact on the health of selected human populations.

  Funding Agency

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)
Type
Research Program Projects (P01)
Project #
5P01ES001248-13
Application #
3095813
Study Section
Environmental Health Sciences Review Committee (EHS)
Project Start
1976-08-01
Project End
1991-06-30
Budget Start
1988-08-01
Budget End
1991-06-30
Support Year
13
Fiscal Year
1988
Total Cost
Indirect Cost

  Institution

Name
University of Rochester
Department
Type
School of Medicine & Dentistry
DUNS #
208469486
City
Rochester
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
14627

  Publications

Myers, Gary J; Thurston, Sally W; Pearson, Alexander T et al. (2009) Postnatal exposure to methyl mercury from fish consumption: a review and new data from the Seychelles Child Development Study. Neurotoxicology 30:338-49
Snow, E T (1997) The role of DNA repair in development. Reprod Toxicol 11:353-65
Singh, J; Su, L; Snow, E T (1996) Replication across O6-methylguanine by human DNA polymerase beta in vitro. Insights into the futile cytotoxic repair and mutagenesis of O6-methylguanine. J Biol Chem 271:28391-8
Smith, J C; Allen, P V; Turner, M D et al. (1994) The kinetics of intravenously administered methyl mercury in man. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 128:251-6
Farris, F F; Dedrick, R L; Allen, P V et al. (1993) Physiological model for the pharmacokinetics of methyl mercury in the growing rat. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 119:74-90
Dutczak, W J; Ballatori, N (1992) gamma-Glutamyltransferase-dependent biliary-hepatic recycling of methyl mercury in the guinea pig. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 262:619-23
Fitzgerald, W F; Clarkson, T W (1991) Mercury and monomethylmercury: present and future concerns. Environ Health Perspect 96:159-66
Child, S Z; Hoffman, D; Norton, S et al. (1991) Pulsed ultrasound and the hyperbarically exposed mouse fetus. Ultrasound Med Biol 17:367-71
Wier, P J; Miller, R K; Maulik, D et al. (1990) Toxicity of cadmium in the perfused human placenta. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 105:156-71
Cory-Slechta, D A (1990) Alterations in tissue Pb distribution and hematopoietic indices during advanced age. Arch Toxicol 64:31-7

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