This Program Project combines the disciplines of engineering mechanics, physiology, pharmacology, anesthesiology, medicine and critical care to study the mechanical behavior of the respiratory system in health and disease. Combined experimental and modeling approaches address the mechanics of the chest wall including the interaction of thorax and abdomen, the mechanics of the diaphragm, the mechanical properties of the lung parenchyma, and the determinants of regional ventilation. Unique new methodology is employed which determines diaphragmatic shape, displacement and regional contraction. The respiratory actions of muscles and their integration in the process of respiration are examined. These studies will contribute to the development of specific and objective tests for diaphragmatic fatigue in man which can be used to evaluate less invasive ways of assessing the balance between mechanical load and endurance of the respiratory muscles in patients with respiratory failure. They should also lead to more rational care of such patients. In vitro studies examine the control of airway and pulmonary vascular smooth muscle with particular emphasis on the modulating influence of the epithelium and on interactions between the two components. These studies will be extended to animal models of reactive airway disease. Other related studies elucidate the mechanisms of changes in airway resistance produced by anesthetic agents and other drugs used in surgery. These studies are not only of great clinical importance but may explain apparently conflicting results in the literature on airway reactivity in which different anesthetic regimens have been employed.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Program Projects (P01)
Project #
5P01HL021584-12
Application #
3097806
Study Section
Heart, Lung, and Blood Research Review Committee A (HLBA)
Project Start
1977-09-30
Project End
1990-11-30
Budget Start
1988-12-01
Budget End
1990-11-30
Support Year
12
Fiscal Year
1989
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Mayo Clinic, Rochester
Department
Type
DUNS #
City
Rochester
State
MN
Country
United States
Zip Code
55905
Lai-Fook, S J; Hyatt, R E (2000) Effects of age on elastic moduli of human lungs. J Appl Physiol 89:163-8
Boriek, A M; Rodarte, J R; Margulies, S S (1996) Zone of apposition in the passive diaphragm of the dog. J Appl Physiol 81:1929-40
De Troyer, A; Farkas, G A (1994) Contribution of the rib cage inspiratory muscles to breathing in baboons. Respir Physiol 97:135-45
De Troyer, A; Farkas, G (1993) Mechanics of the parasternal intercostals in prone dogs: statics and dynamics. J Appl Physiol 74:2757-62
Babb, T G; Rodarte, J R (1993) Estimation of ventilatory capacity during submaximal exercise. J Appl Physiol 74:2016-22
Warner, D O; Gunst, S J (1992) Limitation of maximal bronchoconstriction in living dogs. Am Rev Respir Dis 145:553-60
Babb, T G; Rodarte, J R (1992) Exercise capacity and breathing mechanics in patients with airflow limitation. Med Sci Sports Exerc 24:967-74
Beck, K C; Vettermann, J; Rehder, K (1992) Gas exchange in dogs in the prone and supine positions. J Appl Physiol 72:2292-7
Sprung, J; Barnas, G M; Cheng, E Y et al. (1992) Changes in functional residual capacity and regional diaphragm lengths after upper abdominal surgery in anesthetized dogs. Anesth Analg 75:977-82
Lau, H P; Sayiner, A; Warner, D O et al. (1992) Halothane alters the response of isolated airway smooth muscle to carbon dioxide. Respir Physiol 87:255-68

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