We will employ state-of-the-art biochemical, biophysical, and proteomic approaches to explore the role of oxidative stress in acute lung injury (ALI). The overall goals are to: 1) define the mechanism of peroxiredoxin 6's (Prdx 6) antioxidant activity and its role in protection from oxidative stress; 2) gain novel insights into the molecular mechanism(s) of lung damage caused by oxidative stress by identifying critical lung proteins that are oxidatively modified under different experimental conditions in mouse models, and 3) identify human plasma biomarkers of lung injury and ALI development. A major focus (Aim 1) will be to investigate structure-function relationships of Prdx 6 in close collaboration. Specifically, we will use analytical ultracentrifugation, mass spectrometry, and related biochemical and biophysical approaches to characterize recombinant Prdx 6 self-assembly and interaction with wild type piGST and a piGST mutant. In parallel with these biophysical/structural studies, we will examine functional properties of Prdx 6, particularly substrate interactions and enzymology.
Aim 1 will also evaluate oxidative modifications on Prdx 6 isolated from mouse lungs using the models of oxidative stress being studied. In related studies, Aim 2 will systematically identify other lung proteins that are oxidatively modified and evaluate changes in these modifications in mice under normoxic and hyperoxic conditions when Prdx 6 is expressed at normal levels, over-expressed, or underexpressed. The ability of nanocarrier anti-oxidant therapy to minimize oxidative damage of proteins after oxidative stress will also be assessed. In summary, Aims 1 and 2 will test the hypothesis that Prdx 6 plays a central role in protecting lung tissue from excessive oxidative damage under hyperoxic conditions. In addition, Aim 3 will test the related hypothesis that oxidative stress resulting from severe trauma in patients and the resulting lung tissue damage will induce changes in blood protein profiles that can form the basis for minimally invasive diagnostic tests of ALI.
This aim will utilize a unique resource of plasma samples from patients in a trauma cohort study of ALI/ARDS. Two complementary novel proteomic methods will be used to identify novel biomarkers or biosignatures of ALI in these human plasma samples.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Program Projects (P01)
Project #
5P01HL079063-03
Application #
7418356
Study Section
Heart, Lung, and Blood Initial Review Group (HLBP)
Project Start
Project End
Budget Start
2007-05-01
Budget End
2008-04-30
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2007
Total Cost
$431,310
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Pennsylvania
Department
Type
DUNS #
042250712
City
Philadelphia
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
19104
Shashaty, Michael G S; Reilly, John P; Sims, Carrie A et al. (2016) Plasma Levels of Receptor Interacting Protein Kinase-3 (RIP3), an Essential Mediator of Necroptosis, are Associated with Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Trauma Patients. Shock 46:139-43
Myerson, Jacob W; Anselmo, Aaron C; Liu, Yaling et al. (2016) Non-affinity factors modulating vascular targeting of nano- and microcarriers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 99:97-112
Reilly, John P; Anderson, Brian J; Mangalmurti, Nilam S et al. (2015) The ABO Histo-Blood Group and AKI in Critically Ill Patients with Trauma or Sepsis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 10:1911-20
Ferguson, Jane F; Meyer, Nuala J; Qu, Liming et al. (2015) Integrative genomics identifies 7p11.2 as a novel locus for fever and clinical stress response in humans. Hum Mol Genet 24:1801-12
Reilly, John P; Meyer, Nuala J; Shashaty, Michael G S et al. (2014) ABO blood type A is associated with increased risk of ARDS in whites following both major trauma and severe sepsis. Chest 145:753-761
Chatterjee, Shampa; Nieman, Gary F; Christie, Jason D et al. (2014) Shear stress-related mechanosignaling with lung ischemia: lessons from basic research can inform lung transplantation. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 307:L668-80
Reilly, John P; Bellamy, Scarlett; Shashaty, Michael G S et al. (2014) Heterogeneous phenotypes of acute respiratory distress syndrome after major trauma. Ann Am Thorac Soc 11:728-36
Shashaty, Michael G S; Kalkan, Esra; Bellamy, Scarlett L et al. (2014) Computed tomography-defined abdominal adiposity is associated with acute kidney injury in critically ill trauma patients*. Crit Care Med 42:1619-28
Meyer, Nuala J; Feng, Rui; Li, Mingyao et al. (2013) IL1RN coding variant is associated with lower risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome and increased plasma IL-1 receptor antagonist. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 187:950-9
Shashaty, Michael G S; Meyer, Nuala J; Localio, A Russell et al. (2012) African American race, obesity, and blood product transfusion are risk factors for acute kidney injury in critically ill trauma patients. J Crit Care 27:496-504

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