This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing theresources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject andinvestigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source,and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed isfor the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator.SUPPORTNIH R01 GM55440 Experimentally guided ribosomal RNA modeling , 04/01/06-03/31/10Joachim Frank, Wadsworth CenterNIH R37 GM29169 Structural analysis of macromolecular assemblies , 04/97-03/07 (Renewal 04/01/07-03/31/12Joachim Frank, Wadsworth CenterNIH R01 GM70768 Biochemical and structural analysis of the ribosome , 06/04-05/09Mans Ehrenberg, Uppsala University; Joachim Frank, Wadsworth Center co-PIABSTRACTCryo-EM single-particle reconstruction (see Frank, 2006) has evolved to become the most powerful approach to study ligand binding and conformational changes accompanying translation. The experimental protocols for specimen preparation, electron microscopy, data processing, and interpretation have been described (Frank et al., 2000). A recent review (Frank and Spahn, 2006) give an overview over the many results that have accumulated since 1996, when tRNA binding to the ribosome was first visualized (Agrawal et al., 1996). Since the year 2000, we have collaborated with the group of Mans Ehrenberg in Uppsala, Sweden, enabling us to look at highly purified, kinetically characterized translational complexes in all different phases of translation. This collaboration has resulted in a number of major discoveries that have enriched our understanding of the molecular events. More recently, we have started a very productive collaboration with Poul Nissen at Aarhus University, Denmark, on translocation in eukaryotes.References cited in Abstract:1. R.K. Agrawal, P. Penczek, R.A. Grassucci, Y. Li, A. Leith, K.H. Nierhaus, and J. Frank (1996) Direct visualization of A-, P-, and E-site transfer RNAs in the Escherichia coli ribosome. Science 271:1000-1002.2. J. Frank (2006) Three-dimensional Electron Microscopy of Macromolecular Complexes. Oxford University Press, New York.3. J. Frank and C.M.T. Spahn (2006) The ribosome and the mechanism of protein synthesis. Rep. Prog. Phys. 69:1383-1417.4. J. Frank, P. Penczek, R.K. Agrawal, R.A. Grassucci, and A.B. Heagle (2000) Three-dimensional cryoelectron microscopy of ribosomes. In Methods of Enzymology. Edited by D.W. Celander and J.N. Abelson, Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Chpt. 18:276-291.
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