Approximately 7% of Americans report use of dietary botanical supplements (Ervin, Wright, and Reed-Gillette, 2004). These supplements are used not only as presumed preventatives, but also as treatments of such diverse diseases as depression and viral infections. Despite the extensive use of these supplements, scientific studies to understand the biological properties of the compounds present in these plant extracts are limited and efficacy of many of the supplements is unclear. The Iowa Botanical Supplement Research Center has focused on investigations of the inflammatory, immune and anti-viral properties of extracts from two of the most extensively used botanicals, Echinacea and Hypericum (St. John's Wort). This project of the current renewal is an extension and expansion of the anti-viral studies. During our initial round of funding, we identified a number of anti-viral activities against the pathogen human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1).
In Aim 1, we propose to continue our identification of Echinacea and Hypericum anti-HIV activities and explore recent observations that extracts from Prunella species also contain anti-viral activities. Using a bioassay driven approach, constituents responsible for the anti-HIV activity will be identified. Once those constituents are identified and verified, the mechanism of action of the constituents will be investigated.
In Aim 2, the breadth of the anti-viral activities in the extracts will be explored using important human respiratory viruses and persistent viruses. Finally, in Aim 3 correlative structural studies will be performed on two important groups of plant polyphenolic compounds, procyanidins and caffeic acid derivatives, to understand the relationship between their anti-oxidant activity and their anti-viral activity. These anti-oxidant compounds have been selected for study since they are principal anti-oxidant components in Echinacea, Hypericum and Prunella and recent studies in our labs and other indicate that they have important anti-viral activities. In addition, the ability of procyanidins and caffeic acid derivatives to enhance and/or synergize with the anti-viral activities of other plant constituents will be determined. In total, this study will determine if important anti-viral activities are indeed present within these botanicals. Additionally/our findings may serve as a basis for using botanical extracts and/or constituents for new, low-cost treatments for important human viral infections.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Center for Complementary & Alternative Medicine (NCCAM)
Type
Specialized Center (P50)
Project #
3P50AT004155-08S1
Application #
8089847
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZAT1-SM (05))
Program Officer
Hopp, Craig
Project Start
2002-07-22
Project End
2011-07-31
Budget Start
2010-06-01
Budget End
2011-07-31
Support Year
8
Fiscal Year
2010
Total Cost
$189,304
Indirect Cost
Name
Iowa State University
Department
Other Basic Sciences
Type
Other Domestic Higher Education
DUNS #
005309844
City
Ames
State
IA
Country
United States
Zip Code
50011
Haarberg, Kelley Mk; Wymore Brand, Meghan J; Overstreet, Anne-Marie C et al. (2015) Orally administered extract from Prunella vulgaris attenuates spontaneous colitis in mdr1a(-/-) mice. World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther 6:223-37
Hammer, Kimberly D P; Birt, Diane F (2014) Evidence for contributions of interactions of constituents to the anti-inflammatory activity of Hypericum perforatum. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 54:781-9
Kraus, George A; Chaudhary, Divya; Riley, Sean et al. (2013) Synthesis of 3-farnesyl salicylic acid, a novel antimicrobial from Piper multiplinervium. Nat Prod Commun 8:911-3
Qiang, Zhiyi; Hauck, Cathy; McCoy, Joe-Ann et al. (2013) Echinacea sanguinea and Echinacea pallida extracts stimulate glucuronidation and basolateral transfer of Bauer alkamides 8 and 10 and ketone 24 and inhibit P-glycoprotein transporter in Caco-2 cells. Planta Med 79:266-74
Huang, Nan; Singh, Navrozedeep; Yoon, Kyoungjin et al. (2013) The immuno-regulatory impact of orally-administered Hypericum perforatum extract on Balb/C mice inoculated with H1n1 influenza A virus. PLoS One 8:e76491
Feng, Yaping; Hurst, Jonathan; Almeida-De-Macedo, Marcia et al. (2012) Massive human co-expression network and its medical applications. Chem Biodivers 9:868-87
Qu, Luping; Widrlechner, Mark P (2012) Reduction of Seed Dormancy in Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt. by In-dark Seed Selection and Breeding. Ind Crops Prod 36:88-93
Wurtele, Eve Syrkin; Chappell, Joe; Jones, A Daniel et al. (2012) Medicinal plants: a public resource for metabolomics and hypothesis development. Metabolites 2:1031-59
Zhang, Xiaozhu; Rizshsky, Ludmila; Hauck, Catherine et al. (2012) Bauer ketones 23 and 24 from Echinacea paradoxa var. paradoxa inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2 and cytokines in RAW264.7 mouse macrophages. Phytochemistry 74:146-58
Huang, Nan; Rizshsky, Ludmila; Hauck, Catherine C et al. (2012) The inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammation by 4 compounds in Hypericum perforatum extract is partially dependent on the activation of SOCS3. Phytochemistry 76:106-16

Showing the most recent 10 out of 43 publications