Multiple sclerosis (MS) remains the leading cause of neurological nontraumatic disability for young adults in North America and outcomes of current therapy are often unsatisfactory. This P50 competing renewal application directly extends and amplifies our research during the previous two cycles of support. We focus here on gray matter pathology, extending our previous work addressing interlinked hypotheses regarding the destructive inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes in MS patients. The P50 encompasses several unique resources including a rapid-autopsy program which has yielded insights into MRI-pathology correlations;a longitudinal MRI cohort which has illuminated the mechanisms underlying brain atrophy in MS;and newly-recruited, a series of MS biopsy cases which can be studied to understand cortical pathology early in MS. Core A: Tissue acquisition, imaging, biostatistics. administration (R Ransohoff) will establish, maintain and distribute a unique resource of MS autopsy tissue with dedicated postmortem imaging, as well as coordinate database management and provide administrative and biostatistical support for all projects. Project 1: Cortical demyelination and leukocyte trafficking early in MS (R Ransohoff;C Lucchinetti) will address the hypothesis that meningeal inflammation and cortical demyelination early in the MS process are implicated in facilitating white matter demyelination. This project will also address mechanisms of selective leukocyte trafficking to meninges and cortex. Project 2: Cellular and molecular mechanisms of cortical remyelination in MS patients (B Trapp) will examine cortical demyelination and remyelination in MS brains, and characterize both the cells mediating repair and the factors that inhibit repair. Project 3: Gray matter atrophy in multiple sclerosis (E Fisher) will use novel quantification techniques, developed as part of the P50 research, address in a longitudinal MRI cohort, the relationship between gray matter atrophy and white matter lesions as well as normal-appearing white matter changes. This project will also define relationships between gray matter atrophy and neuropsychological changes. Project 4: Gray matter atrophy in multiple sclerosis: Clinical implications (R Rudick) will extend the use of our new MRI analytic software to define the time course of gray matter atrophy, and evaluate the effects of immunomodulatory therapy, using files from completed clinical trials of a diversity of agents Extending our established research approaches to address gray matter pathology in MS will provide new insights into disease mechanisms and identify novel therapeutic targets.

Public Health Relevance

Although MS has been considered a white matter disease, it also affects the gray matter. All four projects that comprise this P50 focus on gray matter in MS. The P50 includes studies to understand the pathologic and repair mechanisms in gray matter, to develop new imaging markers to measure gray matter pathology, and to characterize gray matter pathology over the course of MS. Ultimately, this research will lead to new therapeutic targets and new ways to monitor neural protection to improve the lives of MS patients.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Type
Specialized Center (P50)
Project #
5P50NS038667-13
Application #
8208171
Study Section
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Initial Review Group (NSD)
Program Officer
Utz, Ursula
Project Start
1999-12-01
Project End
2014-12-31
Budget Start
2012-01-01
Budget End
2012-12-31
Support Year
13
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$1,072,061
Indirect Cost
$367,228
Name
Cleveland Clinic Lerner
Department
Other Basic Sciences
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
135781701
City
Cleveland
State
OH
Country
United States
Zip Code
44195
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Beall, Erik B; Lowe, Mark J (2014) SimPACE: generating simulated motion corrupted BOLD data with synthetic-navigated acquisition for the development and evaluation of SLOMOCO: a new, highly effective slicewise motion correction. Neuroimage 101:21-34
Tutuncu, Melih; Tang, Junger; Zeid, Nuhad Abou et al. (2013) Onset of progressive phase is an age-dependent clinical milestone in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 19:188-98
Rudick, Richard A; Fisher, Elizabeth (2013) Preventing brain atrophy should be the gold standard of effective therapy in MS (after the first year of treatment): Yes. Mult Scler 19:1003-4
Dutta, Ranjan; Chomyk, Anthony M; Chang, Ansi et al. (2013) Hippocampal demyelination and memory dysfunction are associated with increased levels of the neuronal microRNA miR-124 and reduced AMPA receptors. Ann Neurol 73:637-45

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