The extant neuropsychological and neuroanatomic data suggest that age-related changes in the functioning of the medical temporal lobe memory system. Specifically, memory for context or source, which is reduced in patients with frontal lobe lesions, is also poorer in older compared to younger adults, and appears to show greater reductions with aging than simple fact or recognition memory. The latter component of memory appears to depend upon the medial temporal lobe system. The proposed experiments are designed to assess the relative contributions or the medial temporal and frontal lobe systems to age-related changes in memory function. Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) and neuropsychological test assessments will be obtained from young, middle-aged, and elderly adults. Specifically, to assess age-related changes in these two broad neural systems, a two-pronged approach is proposed: 1) since the novelty P3 component of the ERP appears to depend upon intact dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and appears to reflect aspects of working memory (also linked to dorsolateral prefrontal cortex), modified versions of the novelty oddball paradigm will be used with the novelty P3 serving as """"""""probe"""""""" of frontal lobe function; novel stimuli will be used to cue strategic changes that are known to be difficult for patients with frontal lobe lesions and normally aging elderly adults; and 2) studies of the contextual aspects of memory or source in comparison with fact or recognition memory will be performed, in which ERP and behavioral measures of encoding (subsequent memory effect) and retrieval (old/new repetition effect) will be recorded. convergent measures of functional indices (standardized neuropsychological instruments, e.g., Wisconsin Card Sorting; Wechsler Memory Scale) will provide the opportunity for obtaining age-associated double dissociations between these memory functions, their ERP concomitants, and their putative underlying neural systems. ERPs will be recorded form 30 scalp sites to enable current source density analyses, in order to resolve better scalp distributions to determine whether they and, by implication, their intracranial generators, show age-related change with respect to the memory functions that will be assessed. The data will be relevant to age-related changes in frontal and medical temporal lobe functioning, age-related differences in source and recognition memory, and their physiological underpinnings.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Aging (NIA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01AG005213-13
Application #
6016784
Study Section
Neurology A Study Section (NEUA)
Project Start
1986-05-01
Project End
2001-05-31
Budget Start
1999-06-01
Budget End
2000-05-31
Support Year
13
Fiscal Year
1999
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
New York State Psychiatric Institute
Department
Type
DUNS #
167204994
City
New York
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
10032
Xu, Judy; Friedman, David; Metcalfe, Janet (2018) Attenuation of deep semantic processing during mind wandering: an event-related potential study. Neuroreport 29:380-384
Metcalfe, Janet; Casal-Roscum, Lindsey; Radin, Arielle et al. (2015) On Teaching Old Dogs New Tricks. Psychol Sci 26:1833-42
Yi, Yuji; Friedman, David (2014) Age-related differences in working memory: ERPs reveal age-related delays in selection- and inhibition-related processes. Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn 21:483-513
Johnson Jr, Ray; Nessler, Doreen; Friedman, David (2013) Temporally specific divided attention tasks in young adults reveal the temporal dynamics of episodic encoding failures in elderly adults. Psychol Aging 28:443-56
Nessler, Doreen; Friedman, David; Johnson Jr, Ray (2012) A new account of the effect of probability on task switching: ERP evidence following the manipulation of switch probability, cue informativeness and predictability. Biol Psychol 91:245-62
Yi, Yuji; Friedman, David (2011) Event-related potential (ERP) measures reveal the timing of memory selection processes and proactive interference resolution in working memory. Brain Res 1411:41-56
Friedman, David; Nessler, Doreen; Kulik, Julianna et al. (2011) The brain's orienting response (novelty P3) in patients with unilateral temporal lobe resections. Neuropsychologia 49:3474-83
Manzi, Alberto; Nessler, Doreen; Czernochowski, Daniela et al. (2011) The development of anticipatory cognitive control processes in task-switching: an ERP study in children, adolescents, and young adults. Psychophysiology 48:1258-75
Friedman, David; de Chastelaine, Marianne; Nessler, Doreen et al. (2010) Changes in familiarity and recollection across the lifespan: an ERP perspective. Brain Res 1310:124-41
Czernochowski, Daniela; Nessler, Doreen; Friedman, David (2010) On why not to rush older adults--relying on reactive cognitive control can effectively reduce errors at the expense of slowed responses. Psychophysiology 47:637-46

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