The purpose of these studies is to elucidate the mechanisms by which vaccination affects the cellular and cytokine responses associated with pulmonary granulomas in guinea pigs following respiratory exposure to virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Using in situ and ex vivo approaches, the temporal and anatomical sequence of events in the lung will be dissected to reveal unique features of the local host-pathogen interface. During the previous funding period, we subcloned several guinea pig cytokine and chemokine genes and produced reagents and assays with which to study their involvement in the host response to mycobacterial infection. In this renewal application, we will study immune cells in granulomas in situ using novel laser capture microdissection methodology and ex vivo using lung digest cell isolation techniques. These experimental approaches will allow us to make novel observations regarding the determinants of vaccine-induced immunity in granulomas. In addition, we will take advantage of our extensive experience with the dietary modulation of immune cell membranes and alteration of proinflammatory T cell functions by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), to delineate the mechanisms by which dietary n-3 PUFA modulate vaccine-induced resistance to tuberculosis.
The specific aims of this competing renewal application are:
Aim 1 : To elucidate the mechanisms by which vaccination promotes the accumulation of a protective cellular response in the lungs of guinea pigs;
Aim 2 : To compare the cellular and cytokine responses of primary and secondary pulmonary granulomas in vaccinated and non-vaccinated guinea pigs following virulent pulmonary challenge;
Aim 3 : To interpret the cytokine cross-talk between immune lymphocytes and infected macrophages which results in the control of mycobacterial accumulation;
and Aim 4 : To determine the mechanisms by which an anti-inflammatory, T cell-suppressive diet, enriched in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty adds (PUFA), will impair innate and vaccine-induced resistance to pulmonary tuberculosis.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
2R01AI015495-23
Application #
6868329
Study Section
Bacteriology and Mycology Subcommittee 2 (BM)
Program Officer
Jacobs, Gail G
Project Start
1982-09-30
Project End
2009-11-30
Budget Start
2005-02-01
Budget End
2006-01-31
Support Year
23
Fiscal Year
2005
Total Cost
$291,000
Indirect Cost
Name
Texas A&M University
Department
Microbiology/Immun/Virology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
835607441
City
College Station
State
TX
Country
United States
Zip Code
77845
Sawant, Kirti V; Cho, Hyosun; Lyons, Mark et al. (2010) Guinea pig neutrophil-macrophage interactions during infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Microbes Infect 12:828-37
Bonilla, Diana L; Ly, Lan H; Fan, Yang-Yi et al. (2010) Incorporation of a dietary omega 3 fatty acid impairs murine macrophage responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. PLoS One 5:e10878
Bonilla, Diana L; Fan, Yang-Yi; Chapkin, Robert S et al. (2010) Transgenic mice enriched in omega-3 fatty acids are more susceptible to pulmonary tuberculosis: impaired resistance to tuberculosis in fat-1 mice. J Infect Dis 201:399-408
Ly, Lan H; Jeevan, Amminikutty; McMurray, David N (2009) Neutralization of TNFalpha alters inflammation in guinea pig tuberculous pleuritis. Microbes Infect 11:680-8
Jeevan, Amminikutty; Bonilla, Diana Lucia; McMurray, David Neil (2009) Expression of interferon-gamma and tumour necrosis factor-alpha messenger RNA does not correlate with protection in guinea pigs challenged with virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis by the respiratory route. Immunology 128:e296-305
Ly, Lan H; McMurray, David N (2009) The Yin-Yang of TNFalpha in the guinea pig model of tuberculosis. Indian J Exp Biol 47:432-9
Ly, Lan H; Russell, Murat I; McMurray, David N (2008) Cytokine profiles in primary and secondary pulmonary granulomas of Guinea pigs with tuberculosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 38:455-62
Ly, Lan H; Barhoumi, Rola; Cho, Sang H et al. (2008) Vaccination with Bacille-Calmette Guerin promotes mycobacterial control in guinea pig macrophages infected in vivo. J Infect Dis 198:768-71
Via, Laura E; Lin, P Ling; Ray, Sonja M et al. (2008) Tuberculous granulomas are hypoxic in guinea pigs, rabbits, and nonhuman primates. Infect Immun 76:2333-40
Allen, Shannon Sedberry; Mackie, John T; Russell, Karen et al. (2008) Altered inflammatory responses following transforming growth factor-beta neutralization in experimental guinea pig tuberculous pleurisy. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 88:430-6

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