As recombinant antibodies (Abs) are increasingly used as therapeutic agents for the treatment of infectious disease and malignancy, it becomes critically important that we understand the mechanisms through which antibodies provide protection. Armed with this information, we will be able to produce the most effective Abs. It is also important that we are able to produce recombinant Abs at a cost that will make them broadly available. In the proposed experiments the investigators will address these issues. They will attempt to produce IgA with improved functional properties. IgA is the principal Ab providing protection in the hostile environment of the mucosal surface where it is susceptible to proteolytic attack and one goal will be to identify and alter the positions on sIgA that are most susceptible to proteolysis. These experiments should both yield a more stable sIgA and also give insights into its structure. The biologic properties of IgA suggest that it may be the ideal antibody for some parenteral applications. However, serum IgA is rapidly cleared. They will attempt to increase the serum half-life of IgA by providing it with an FcRn binding site and by identifying and removing the N-carbohydrate moiety responsible for the rapid clearance of IgA2 by the asialoglycoprotein receptor. These studies will provide IgA with a longer half-life and give additional insights into the mechanisms and pathways of Ab clearance. Complement activation can lead to the elimination of pathogens by both cytolysis and opsonization. They will attempt to produce IgA with the ability to activate complement. These experiments will provide an IgA with the ability to activate the inflammatory cascade and will also further our understanding of the sequences on the Ab that mediate interaction with the complement proteins. They will attempt to define the mechanisms of Ab-mediated protection using the suckling mouse model for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) and monoclonal antibodies against the F41 antigen. In vitro activity in assays such as adherence, agglutination, complement-mediated cytotoxicity and stability will be compared with the ability to provide in vivo protection. As one step to our long-term goal of using the chicken as a bioreactor for Ab production, they will further define the fine specificity of the receptor responsible for Ab transport with the ultimate goal of cloning it. Definition of the sequences required for transport receptor recognition should make it possible to design Abs that are effectively transported. It also may be possible to use this sequence to target other proteins to the chicken egg. Cloning of the receptor will define its structure and allow us to fully characterize this novel transport system.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01AI039187-09
Application #
6637838
Study Section
Immunological Sciences Study Section (IMS)
Program Officer
Mallia, Conrad M
Project Start
1995-09-30
Project End
2005-05-31
Budget Start
2003-06-01
Budget End
2004-05-31
Support Year
9
Fiscal Year
2003
Total Cost
$265,096
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California Los Angeles
Department
Microbiology/Immun/Virology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
092530369
City
Los Angeles
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
90095
Chintalacharuvu, Koteswara R; Gurbaxani, Brian; Morrison, Sherie L (2007) Incomplete assembly of IgA2m(2) in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Mol Immunol 44:3445-52
Gurbaxani, Brian Mohan; Morrison, Sherie L (2006) Development of new models for the analysis of Fc-FcRn interactions. Mol Immunol 43:1379-89
Dela Cruz, Jay Soriano; Trinh, Kamh Ryan; Chen, Hsiao Wen et al. (2006) Anti-HER2/neu IgG3-(IL-2) and anti-HER2/neu IgG3-(GM-CSF) promote HER2/neu processing and presentation by dendritic cells: implications in immunotherapy and vaccination strategies. Mol Immunol 43:667-76
Helguera, Gustavo; Dela Cruz, Jay S; Lowe, Christine et al. (2006) Vaccination with novel combinations of anti-HER2/neu cytokines fusion proteins and soluble protein antigen elicits a protective immune response against HER2/neu expressing tumors. Vaccine 24:304-16
Gurbaxani, Brian; Dela Cruz, Linh L; Chintalacharuvu, Koteswara et al. (2006) Analysis of a family of antibodies with different half-lives in mice fails to find a correlation between affinity for FcRn and serum half-life. Mol Immunol 43:1462-73
Zhu, Lei; van de Lavoir, Marie-Cecile; Albanese, Jenny et al. (2005) Production of human monoclonal antibody in eggs of chimeric chickens. Nat Biotechnol 23:1159-69
Dela Cruz, Jay S; Morrison, Sherie L; Penichet, Manuel L (2005) Insights into the mechanism of anti-tumor immunity in mice vaccinated with the human HER2/neu extracellular domain plus anti-HER2/neu IgG3-(IL-2) or anti-HER2/neu IgG3-(GM-CSF) fusion protein. Vaccine 23:4793-803
Chan, Lisa A; Phillips, Martin L; Wims, Letitia A et al. (2004) Variable region domain exchange in human IgGs promotes antibody complex formation with accompanying structural changes and altered effector functions. Mol Immunol 41:527-38
Trinh, Ryan; Gurbaxani, Brian; Morrison, Sherie L et al. (2004) Optimization of codon pair use within the (GGGGS)3 linker sequence results in enhanced protein expression. Mol Immunol 40:717-22
Gala, Francoise A; Morrison, Sherie L (2004) V region carbohydrate and antibody expression. J Immunol 172:5489-94

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