The goal of this project is to generate recombinants of the enveloped virus, vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) encoding HIV 89.6 Env protein and SIVmac239 Gag protein, characterize the immune responses to these viruses in rhesus macaques after mucosal and intramuscular immunization, and evaluate protection of the monkeys from a challenge with a pathogenic SIV/HIV hybrid, SHIV-89.6P. In addition to encoding the SIV and HIV proteins, the viruses to be constructed will have envelopes from either of the two VSV serotypes or from a second vesiculovirus. The use of the different envelopes will allow boosting without neutralization of the vector itself. Dr. Rose's laboratory has pioneered the development of VSV as a vector, and has shown that VSV recombinants encoding an influenza hemagglutinin protein are potent live intranasal vaccines that protect mice against a lethal challenge with influenza virus. VSV vectors can be used to express large amounts of foreign genetic information including genes encoding complete HIV Env and Gag proteins. The VSV/HIV env viruses induce CTLs to HIV Env protein as well as HIV neutralizing antibodies in mice. Drs. Marx and Nixon (who are co- investigators on this application) have obtained preliminary results showing strong antibody and CTL responses to HIV Env encoded by a live VSV vector in rhesus macaques in the absence of detectable pathogenesis. The proposed study will examine in detail the immune responses in rhesus macaques to HSV vectors (total antibody, HIV neutralizing antibody, VSV neutralizing antibody, and quantitative CTL precursor frequencies to Env and Gag and to VSV nucleocapsid protein. Sufficient animals will be used to allow comparison of short-term and long-term immunization protocols and for a pathogenic SHIV challenge experiment with sufficient controls. The SHIV challenge will be followed by quantitative analysis of viral load, health, and immune status of the vaccinated and control animals.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01AI045510-02
Application #
6163995
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-VACC (01))
Program Officer
Bradac, James A
Project Start
1999-03-01
Project End
2003-02-28
Budget Start
2000-03-01
Budget End
2001-02-28
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2000
Total Cost
$489,075
Indirect Cost
Name
Yale University
Department
Pathology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
082359691
City
New Haven
State
CT
Country
United States
Zip Code
06520
Schell, John B; Bahl, Kapil; Folta-Stogniew, Ewa et al. (2015) Antigenic requirement for Gag in a vaccine that protects against high-dose mucosal challenge with simian immunodeficiency virus. Virology 476:405-12
Reynolds, Tracy D; Buonocore, Linda; Rose, Nina F et al. (2015) Virus-Like Vesicle-Based Therapeutic Vaccine Vectors for Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection. J Virol 89:10407-15
Gambhira, Ratish; Keele, Brandon F; Schell, John B et al. (2014) Transmitted/founder simian immunodeficiency virus envelope sequences in vesicular stomatitis and Semliki forest virus vector immunized rhesus macaques. PLoS One 9:e109678
Rose, Nina F; Buonocore, Linda; Schell, John B et al. (2014) In vitro evolution of high-titer, virus-like vesicles containing a single structural protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111:16866-71
Schell, John B; Bahl, Kapil; Rose, Nina F et al. (2012) Viral vectored granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor inhibits vaccine protection in an SIV challenge model: protection correlates with neutralizing antibody. Vaccine 30:4233-9
Pahar, Bapi; Gray, Wayne L; Phelps, Kimberly et al. (2012) Increased cellular immune responses and CD4+ T-cell proliferation correlate with reduced plasma viral load in SIV challenged recombinant simian varicella virus - simian immunodeficiency virus (rSVV-SIV) vaccinated rhesus macaques. Virol J 9:160
Luchins, Kerith R; Baker, Kate C; Gilbert, Margaret H et al. (2011) Application of the diagnostic evaluation for alopecia in traditional veterinary species to laboratory rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci 50:926-38
Schell, John B; Rose, Nina F; Bahl, Kapil et al. (2011) Significant protection against high-dose simian immunodeficiency virus challenge conferred by a new prime-boost vaccine regimen. J Virol 85:5764-72
Publicover, Jean; Ramsburg, Elizabeth; Rose, John K (2005) A single-cycle vaccine vector based on vesicular stomatitis virus can induce immune responses comparable to those generated by a replication-competent vector. J Virol 79:13231-8
Ramsburg, Elizabeth; Rose, Nina F; Marx, Preston A et al. (2004) Highly effective control of an AIDS virus challenge in macaques by using vesicular stomatitis virus and modified vaccinia virus Ankara vaccine vectors in a single-boost protocol. J Virol 78:3930-40

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