T cells utilize surface-bound T cell receptors (TCR) at the immunological synapse with antigen-presenting cells (APC). Detection of their peptide-MHC ligands results in rapid intracellular signaling, necessary for acquisition of effector functions and for profound adaptive immunity. While we now understand some of the fundamental proteins in this processing, understanding how each works together in the context of a rapidly moving T cell has proven difficult. TCR recognition happens as surface deformations provide initial contact. However, despite various fixed and lower-resolution approaches to understanding this process, it has not been previously possible to study this complete surface in real-time in the full 3-dimensions in which it takes place. Here, we will use novel and advanced imaging approaches to define how cytoskeletally-driven membrane movements provide a backbone for efficient ligand detection and we will describe how a range of widely variant environmental cues as well as novel pathways alter this process and affect immune surveillance. This project will define how T cells effectively `find' their ligands amidst a sea of competing MHC. This efficiency of search and detection has clear implications for the ability of T cells to discovery rare epitopes and initiate a response, for example during the early phases of a viral infection.

Public Health Relevance

T cells must scan their environment, remaining optimizing sensitivity and speed. This study will understand how immune cells are able to be both sensitive and efficient in surveying their environment. It will also help explain how ligands are sensed, through the stabilization of microvillar-projections.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01AI052116-19
Application #
10075872
Study Section
Cellular and Molecular Immunology - A Study Section (CMIA)
Program Officer
Jiang, Chao
Project Start
2002-09-15
Project End
2022-12-31
Budget Start
2021-01-01
Budget End
2021-12-31
Support Year
19
Fiscal Year
2021
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California San Francisco
Department
Pathology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
094878337
City
San Francisco
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
94143
Krummel, Matthew F; Mahale, Jagdish N; Uhl, Lion F K et al. (2018) Paracrine costimulation of IFN-? signaling by integrins modulates CD8 T cell differentiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 115:11585-11590
Cai, En; Marchuk, Kyle; Beemiller, Peter et al. (2017) Visualizing dynamic microvillar search and stabilization during ligand detection by T cells. Science 356:
Mujal, Adriana M; Gilden, Julia K; Gérard, Audrey et al. (2016) A septin requirement differentiates autonomous and contact-facilitated T cell proliferation. Nat Immunol 17:315-22
Krummel, Matthew F; Bartumeus, Frederic; Gérard, Audrey (2016) T cell migration, search strategies and mechanisms. Nat Rev Immunol 16:193-201
Pinkard, Henry; Stuurman, Nico; Corbin, Kaitlin et al. (2016) Micro-Magellan: open-source, sample-adaptive, acquisition software for optical microscopy. Nat Methods 13:807-809
Pinkard, Henry; Corbin, Kaitlin; Krummel, Matthew F (2016) Spatiotemporal Rank Filtering Improves Image Quality Compared to Frame Averaging in 2-Photon Laser Scanning Microscopy. PLoS One 11:e0150430
Mujal, Adriana M; Krummel, Matthew (2015) The subtle hands of self-reactivity in peripheral T cells. Nat Immunol 16:10-1
Krummel, Matthew F; Friedman, Rachel S; Jacobelli, Jordan (2014) Modes and mechanisms of T cell motility: roles for confinement and Myosin-IIA. Curr Opin Cell Biol 30:9-16
Corbin, Kaitlin; Pinkard, Henry; Peck, Sebastian et al. (2014) Assessing and benchmarking multiphoton microscopes for biologists. Methods Cell Biol 123:135-51
Gérard, Audrey; Patino-Lopez, Genaro; Beemiller, Peter et al. (2014) Detection of rare antigen-presenting cells through T cell-intrinsic meandering motility, mediated by Myo1g. Cell 158:492-505

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