The aim of this proposal is to study the mechanism of induction of the c-fos and c-jun proto-oncogenes by growth factors. They are regulated by distinct pathways and sequence elements. The study of regulation of these genes should lead to an understanding of how these genes are switched on and off and to the identification of additional components of signaling pathways critical for stimulation of cell growth. The c-fos promoter is regulated by growth factors through the SRE site. Pathways to this site lead to phosphorylation of the SRF- associated TCF proteins but serum and other factors also activate the SRE independently of TCF by an unknown mechanism. The most likely regulatory mechanism involves additional complexing proteins. One recently identified SRF-binding protein is the bZIP factor ATF6. Inhibition of ATF6 levels decreased serum induction of the SRE. In addition, GALA-ATF6 can be regulated by p38 MAPK pathways such that it could participate in regulation. DNA binding, heterodimerization and regulation of ATF6 will be characterized. ATF6 and/or a putative partner will be tested for roles in growth factor regulation of the c-fos gene. Since the known SRF-binding proteins do not appear to be required for serum regulation of the SRE we will identify novel SRF-complexing proteins. A factor identified in gel mobility shift assays will be purified and cloned and a novel mammalian two-hybrid screen will be used to identify additional SRF-complexing proteins involved in serum regulation of c-fos. EGF induction of the c-jun promoter is controlled by MEF2 and ATF sites. These sites are regulated by a ras to rac to MEKK pathway. How this pathway directly regulates the c-jun promoter through the MEF2 and ATF sites will be studied. In HeLa cells MEF2D binds to the MEF2 site and GALA-MEF2D is regulated by MEKK. Preliminary results indicate that EGF induces MEF2D phosphorylation. The regions of MEF2D required for its regulation and phosphorylation will be mapped. If phosphorylation is required, we will identify the MEF2D-protein kinase. ATF1 binds to the c-jun ATF site in HeLa cells and EGF induces ATF1 phosphorylation. The importance of this phosphorylation for c-jun regulation will be tested and the protein kinase responsible for EGF-induced ATF1 phosphorylation will be identified.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
3R01CA050329-13S2
Application #
7115504
Study Section
Cell Development and Function Integrated Review Group (CDF)
Program Officer
Mietz, Judy
Project Start
1989-07-01
Project End
2005-11-30
Budget Start
2003-09-30
Budget End
2005-11-30
Support Year
13
Fiscal Year
2005
Total Cost
$70,608
Indirect Cost
Name
Columbia University (N.Y.)
Department
Biology
Type
Other Domestic Higher Education
DUNS #
049179401
City
New York
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
10027
Lewis, Thera C; Prywes, Ron (2013) Serum regulation of Id1 expression by a BMP pathway and BMP responsive element. Biochim Biophys Acta 1829:1147-59
Muehlich, S; Hampl, V; Khalid, S et al. (2012) The transcriptional coactivators megakaryoblastic leukemia 1/2 mediate the effects of loss of the tumor suppressor deleted in liver cancer 1. Oncogene 31:3913-23
Lee, Seung-Min; Vasishtha, Mansi; Prywes, Ron (2010) Activation and repression of cellular immediate early genes by serum response factor cofactors. J Biol Chem 285:22036-49
Muehlich, Susanne; Wang, Ruigong; Lee, Seung-Min et al. (2008) Serum-induced phosphorylation of the serum response factor coactivator MKL1 by the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 pathway inhibits its nuclear localization. Mol Cell Biol 28:6302-13
Shen, Jingshi; Snapp, Erik L; Lippincott-Schwartz, Jennifer et al. (2005) Stable binding of ATF6 to BiP in the endoplasmic reticulum stress response. Mol Cell Biol 25:921-32
Selvaraj, Ahalya; Prywes, Ron (2004) Expression profiling of serum inducible genes identifies a subset of SRF target genes that are MKL dependent. BMC Mol Biol 5:13
Shen, Jingshi; Prywes, Ron (2004) Dependence of site-2 protease cleavage of ATF6 on prior site-1 protease digestion is determined by the size of the luminal domain of ATF6. J Biol Chem 279:43046-51
Selvaraj, Ahalya; Prywes, Ron (2003) Megakaryoblastic leukemia-1/2, a transcriptional co-activator of serum response factor, is required for skeletal myogenic differentiation. J Biol Chem 278:41977-87
Cen, Bo; Selvaraj, Ahalya; Burgess, Rebecca C et al. (2003) Megakaryoblastic leukemia 1, a potent transcriptional coactivator for serum response factor (SRF), is required for serum induction of SRF target genes. Mol Cell Biol 23:6597-608
Chen, Xi; Shen, Jingshi; Prywes, Ron (2002) The luminal domain of ATF6 senses endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and causes translocation of ATF6 from the ER to the Golgi. J Biol Chem 277:13045-52

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