This proposal seeks funding to continue to test two competing hypotheses about the etiology of problem drug use: H1 : Early onset drug users (before age 16) are at increased risk of later problem drug use, relative to later onset drug users; H2: Early-onset drug users are at a significantly increased risk of problem drug use, compared with later-onset users, only if they have comorbid psychiatric problems in childhood. The proposal responds to NIDA's program announcement DA-91-33, """"""""Vulnerability to drug abuse"""""""". The proposal capitalizes on the Great Smoky Mountains Study (GSMS), a longitudinal research program on childhood predictors of alcohol, drug, and mental (ADM) disorders and comorbidity. In 1992-93 a representative population sample (N = 1,422) of 9, 11, and 13-year-olds, stratified on parent-reported behavioral and drug problems, was selected from a mixed rural-urban area of the southeastern United States. American Indians (mainly Cherokee) were over sampled so that all age-appropriate youth (N=349) were recruited. Response rate was 80% for both groups. Participants ( 50% female) and parents/caretakers have been interviewed annually for 4 years, using a highly-structured interview for ADM disorders. Data include use and abuse of tobacco, alcohol, marijuana and hard drugs, psychopathology and DSM-IV diagnoses, level of functioning at school, at home, and with peers, need for and use of services for ADM disorders, risk and protective factors including physical health and development, family functioning and family history of ADM problems and treatment, and community resources. Analyses to date show early-onset drug users (N=357) to have high rates of emotional (girls) and behavioral disorders, and a family history of drug problems. Cherokee youth have started drug use earlier and escalated faster than others. In the next 5 years we propose to reinterview each cohort at age 15 and 18, and the oldest cohort at age 21, keeping contact between interviews using computer-assisted telephone interviews. Tests of the hypotheses will use (weighted) random regression modeling to capitalize on the strengths of the longitudinal data. This is the first study capable of testing these competing hypotheses prospectively using state of-the-art assessment of ADM disorders, in a representative population sample of both sexes, with two ethnic groups to test generalizability. Support for the first hypothesis makes the case for primary (universal) prevention programs: support for the second mandates interventions targeted at high-risk groups.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DA011301-02
Application #
2770165
Study Section
Human Development Research Subcommittee (NIDA)
Program Officer
Weinberg, Naimah Z
Project Start
1997-09-30
Project End
2002-08-31
Budget Start
1998-09-01
Budget End
1999-08-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
1998
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Duke University
Department
Psychiatry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
071723621
City
Durham
State
NC
Country
United States
Zip Code
27705
Hill, Sherika; Shanahan, Lilly; Costello, E Jane et al. (2017) Predicting Persistent, Limited, and Delayed Problematic Cannabis Use in Early Adulthood: Findings From a Longitudinal Study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 56:966-974.e4
Copeland, William E; Hill, Sherika; Costello, E Jane et al. (2017) Cannabis Use and Disorder From Childhood to Adulthood in a Longitudinal Community Sample With American Indians. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 56:124-132.e2
Costello, E Jane; Copeland, William; Angold, Adrian (2016) The Great Smoky Mountains Study: developmental epidemiology in the southeastern United States. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 51:639-46
Costello, E Jane; Maughan, Barbara (2015) Annual research review: Optimal outcomes of child and adolescent mental illness. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 56:324-41
Copeland, William E; Wolke, Dieter; Shanahan, Lilly et al. (2015) Adult Functional Outcomes of Common Childhood Psychiatric Problems: A Prospective, Longitudinal Study. JAMA Psychiatry 72:892-9
Copeland, William E; Brotman, Melissa A; Costello, E Jane (2015) Normative Irritability in Youth: Developmental Findings From the Great Smoky Mountains Study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 54:635-42
Savage, Jeanne; Verhulst, Brad; Copeland, William et al. (2015) A genetically informed study of the longitudinal relation between irritability and anxious/depressed symptoms. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 54:377-84
Adkins, Daniel E; Clark, Shaunna L; Copeland, William E et al. (2015) Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Alcohol Consumption Across Youth and Early Adulthood. Twin Res Hum Genet 18:335-47
Copeland, William E; Bulik, Cynthia M; Zucker, Nancy et al. (2015) Does childhood bullying predict eating disorder symptoms? A prospective, longitudinal analysis. Int J Eat Disord 48:1141-9
Shanahan, L; Zucker, N; Copeland, W E et al. (2015) Childhood somatic complaints predict generalized anxiety and depressive disorders during young adulthood in a community sample. Psychol Med 45:1721-30

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