This application seeks support for continuation of our current grant entitled """"""""Subclinical atherosclerosis in HIV+ black cocaine users"""""""". This study is the first NIH-funded study to investigate the effects of HIV and cocaine on subclinical atherosclerosis. We have not only demonstrated that both cocaine alone and HIV infection alone are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis, but also showed a trend suggesting concomitant exposure to both cocaine and HIV infection may further exacerbate the cardiac toxicity of either factor alone. However, to determine the joint effects of cocaine and HIV infection on subclinical disease, a larger sample size and longer observational periods are needed, and the effect of other factors, including antiretroviral regimens containing protease inhibitors(Pls) also needs to be investigated. Thus, in addition to continued follow-up of study participants in the current study (5-year follow-up rate >80%), we also will recruit additional study participants to obtain adequate power for testing the proposed hypotheses.
The specific aims of this application are (1) To estimate the prevalence and incidence of coronary artery calcification (CAC) and the presence of coronary stenosis in black men and women with one of the following characteristics: cocaine(+) and HIV(+) and Pl(+); cocaine(+) and HIV(+) and Pl(-); cocaine(-) and HIV(+) and Pl(+); and cocaine(-) and HIV(+) and Pl(-); cocaine(+) and HIV(-); and cocaine(-) and HIV(-); (2) To investigate the combined effects of cocaine and HIV infection on subclinical atherosclerosis; (3) To investigate the association of inflammatory markers with subclinical atherosclerosis; (4) To investigate the effects of cocaine and antiretroviral therapy on subclinical atherosclerosis in HIV+ black men and women; and (5) To study whether and to what extent subclinical atherosclerosis influences left ventricular function (both systolic and diastolic). With the use of the most advanced CT system (a 64-slice multi-detector row CT), we will also be able to examine the effects of HIV and cocaine on the location, extent, and composition of coronary plaque. Thus, this study could lead to a breakthrough in research on cardiovascular complications of HIV infection and cocaine.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DA012777-09
Application #
7281721
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-AARR-A (07))
Program Officer
Khalsa, Jagjitsingh H
Project Start
1999-06-15
Project End
2010-08-31
Budget Start
2007-09-01
Budget End
2008-08-31
Support Year
9
Fiscal Year
2007
Total Cost
$557,669
Indirect Cost
Name
Johns Hopkins University
Department
Public Health & Prev Medicine
Type
Schools of Public Health
DUNS #
001910777
City
Baltimore
State
MD
Country
United States
Zip Code
21218
Lai, Shenghan; Heaphy, Christopher M; Rizzo, Anthony J et al. (2018) Cocaine use may induce telomere shortening in individuals with HIV infection. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 84:11-17
Li, Ji; Lai, Hong; Chen, Shaoguang et al. (2017) Gender differences in the associations between urinary bisphenol A and body composition among American children: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003-2006. J Epidemiol 27:228-234
Lai, Shenghan; Gerstenblith, Gary; Moore, Richard D et al. (2017) Cocaine use may modify HIV/ART-associated myocardial steatosis and hepatic steatosis. Drug Alcohol Depend 177:84-92
Sandfort, Veit; Bluemke, David A; Vargas, Jose et al. (2017) Coronary Plaque Progression and Regression in Asymptomatic African American Chronic Cocaine Users With Obstructive Coronary Stenoses: A Preliminary Study. J Addict Med 11:126-137
Lai, Hong; Moore, Richard; Celentano, David D et al. (2016) HIV Infection Itself May Not Be Associated With Subclinical Coronary Artery Disease Among African Americans Without Cardiovascular Symptoms. J Am Heart Assoc 5:e002529
Lai, Hong; Stitzer, Maxine; Treisman, Glenn et al. (2015) Cocaine Abstinence and Reduced Use Associated With Lowered Marker of Endothelial Dysfunction in African Americans: A Preliminary Study. J Addict Med 9:331-9
Lai, Shenghan; Gerstenblith, Gary; Li, Ji et al. (2015) Chronic cocaine use and its association with myocardial steatosis evaluated by 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy in African Americans. J Addict Med 9:31-9
Liu, Chia-Ying; Bluemke, David A; Gerstenblith, Gary et al. (2014) Myocardial steatosis and its association with obesity and regional ventricular dysfunction: evaluated by magnetic resonance tagging and 1H spectroscopy in healthy African Americans. Int J Cardiol 172:381-387
Liu, Chia-Ying; Bluemke, David A; Gerstenblith, Gary et al. (2014) Reference values of myocardial structure, function, and tissue composition by cardiac magnetic resonance in healthy African-Americans at 3T and their relations to serologic and cardiovascular risk factors. Am J Cardiol 114:789-795
Lai, Shenghan; Fishman, Elliot K; Gerstenblith, Gary et al. (2013) Vitamin D deficiency is associated with coronary artery calcification in cardiovascularly asymptomatic African Americans with HIV infection. Vasc Health Risk Manag 9:493-500

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