The research derives from the view that food intake within a meal is controlled by integrated afferent activity which arises from nutrient-induced coordinated activities of the GI tract. Meals terminate when the majority of ingested nutrients are still in the GI tract and not yet available for energy metabolism. The proposed experiments will identify and quantify nutrient stimulated local GI actions, identify the signals generated from these actions, determine how and where information from these various signals is integrated and assess the role of these integrated signals in the control of food intake using the satiety actions of the brain/gut peptide cholecystokinin (CCK) as a model system. The contributions of CCK elicited gastric and duodenal vagal afferent signal to CCK satiety will be evaluated. Using antisense blockade of nodose ganglia CCKA receptor synthesis, we will evaluate the specific role of vagal afferent CCKA receptors in CCK induced vagal afferent activity, CCK induced inhibition of gastric emptying and CCK satiety. In primates, the quantitative contribution of endogenous CCK to the control of gastric emptying of various nutrients at multiple concentrations will be evaluated. The macronutrient specific contributions to duodenal/gastric feedback and how feedback signals generated by single nutrients coordinate to determine gastric emptying of nutrient combinations will be quantified. In rats, the roles of vagal and sympathetic afferent fibers in the coordination of gastric emptying will be assessed and related to food intake within a meal. Nutrient gastric emptying as integrated patterns of transpyloric flow will be characterized and relationships between pulse magnitude and interpulse intervals will be identified with a variety of nutrients. The dynamics of transpyloric flow to simultaneous microstructural analysis of food intake will be related.
| Beheshti, Rahmatollah; Treesukosol, Yada; Igusa, Takeru et al. (2018) A predictive model of rat calorie intake as a function of diet energy density. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 315:R256-R266 |
| Treesukosol, Yada; Inui-Yamamoto, Chizuko; Mizuta, Haruno et al. (2018) Short-Term Exposure to a Calorically Dense Diet Alters Taste-Evoked Responses in the Chorda Tympani Nerve, But Not Unconditioned Lick Responses to Sucrose. Chem Senses 43:433-441 |
| Treesukosol, Yada; Moran, Timothy H (2018) Cross-Generalization Profile to Orosensory Stimuli of Rats Conditioned to Avoid a High Fat/High Sugar Diet. Chem Senses 43:181-188 |
| Smedh, Ulrika; Scott, Karen A; Moran, Timothy H (2018) Fourth ventricular thyrotropin induces satiety and increases body temperature in rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 314:R734-R740 |
| Chawla, Anjali; Cordner, Zachary A; Boersma, Gretha et al. (2017) Cognitive impairment and gene expression alterations in a rodent model of binge eating disorder. Physiol Behav 180:78-90 |
| Yang, Yan; Choi, Pique P; Smith, Wanli W et al. (2017) Exendin-4 reduces food intake via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in the hypothalamus. Sci Rep 7:6936 |
| Moghadam, Alexander A; Moran, Timothy H; Dailey, Megan J (2017) Alterations in circadian and meal-induced gut peptide levels in lean and obese rats. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 242:1786-1794 |
| Dailey, Megan J; Moran, Timothy H; Holland, Peter C et al. (2016) The antagonism of ghrelin alters the appetitive response to learned cues associated with food. Behav Brain Res 303:191-200 |
| Boersma, Gretha J; Tamashiro, Kellie L; Moran, Timothy H et al. (2016) Corticosterone administration in drinking water decreases high-fat diet intake but not preference in male rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 310:R733-43 |
| Moran, Timothy H; Ladenheim, Ellen E (2016) Physiologic and Neural Controls of Eating. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 45:581-599 |
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