Although cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common, life-threatening autosomal recessive genetic disorder of the white population, there are often delays in diagnosis, but these can be overcome with newborn screening using DNA analysis. The project's overall goal is to address the following hypothesis: Early diagnosis of CF through neonatal screening will be medically beneficial without major risks. """"""""Medically beneficial"""""""" refers to better long term nutritional and/or pulmonary status, hopefully leading to better quality of life (QoL).
Specific aims i nclude assessment of nutritional status throughout childhood, including associated outcomes such as psychosocial and cognitive functioning; the evolution, progression and epidemiology of lung disease; and newborn screening cost effectiveness. A comprehensive, randomized clinical trial with early diagnosis as the key variable has been underway since 1985 and has involved screened and control CF patients enrolled in the longest cohort follow-up study ever for a chronic disease of childhood. Nutritional status has been assessed by anthropometric and biochemical methods and the results have demonstrated significant benefits in young children of the screened group. Intriguing observations requiring more data for conclusions, however, include evidence of permanent growth retardation from early malnutrition and apparently altered cognitive function associated with delayed diagnosis. Provocative data have also been obtained on pulmonary outcomes in the screened and control groups, but the results remain inconclusive. Epidemiologic findings on the determinants of chronic lung disease need to be clarified, including genotype-phenotype relationships, the impact of malnutrition, and the role of respiratory infections in causing structural lung damage. Thus, answering key questions about pulmonary outcomes will require five more years of follow-up evaluation. In addition, studies on QoL and cost effectiveness need to be extended to complete these unique components. Psychosocial data obtained in an integrated study funded by the CF Foundation will be used in our analyses of the long-term costs associated with newborn screening and calculation of cost-effectiveness. If the remaining questions are answered favorably, it is likely that newborn screening will become the routine method nationwide for identifying new cases of CF and that diagnosis in early infancy will allow prevention of many clinically significant problems. Results from this project have led to 19 states currently screening newborns for CF, while others are considering trypsinogen/DNA testing, but more data on nutritional, pulmonary, psychosocial and economic outcomes are sorely needed to support new health policy plans. This project has the potential to impact healthcare quite significantly by promoting molecular genetics screening of all newborn infants. ? ? ?

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
2R01DK034108-21A1
Application #
7209431
Study Section
Infectious Diseases, Reproductive Health, Asthma and Pulmonary Conditions Study Section (IRAP)
Program Officer
Mckeon, Catherine T
Project Start
1985-08-01
Project End
2011-12-31
Budget Start
2007-01-01
Budget End
2007-12-31
Support Year
21
Fiscal Year
2007
Total Cost
$515,919
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Wisconsin Madison
Department
Pediatrics
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
161202122
City
Madison
State
WI
Country
United States
Zip Code
53715
Farrell, Philip; FĂ©rec, Claude; Macek, Milan et al. (2018) Estimating the age of p.(Phe508del) with family studies of geographically distinct European populations and the early spread of cystic fibrosis. Eur J Hum Genet 26:1832-1839
Sanders, Don B; Zhang, Zhumin; Farrell, Philip M et al. (2018) Early life growth patterns persist for 12?years and impact pulmonary outcomes in cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 17:528-535
Levy, H; Nugent, M; Schneck, K et al. (2016) Refining the continuum of CFTR-associated disorders in the era of newborn screening. Clin Genet 89:539-49
Parker-McGill, Katelyn; Rosenberg, Marjorie; Farrell, Philip (2016) Access to Primary Care and Subspecialty Care After Positive Cystic Fibrosis Newborn Screening. WMJ 115:295-9
Zhang, Zhumin; Lindstrom, Mary J; Farrell, Philip M et al. (2016) Pubertal Height Growth and Adult Height in Cystic Fibrosis After Newborn Screening. Pediatrics 137:
Sanders, Don B; Li, Zhanhai; Laxova, Anita et al. (2014) Risk factors for the progression of cystic fibrosis lung disease throughout childhood. Ann Am Thorac Soc 11:63-72
Rosenfeld, Margaret; Farrell, Philip M; Kloster, Margaret et al. (2013) Association of lung function, chest radiographs and clinical features in infants with cystic fibrosis. Eur Respir J 42:1545-52
Tluczek, Audrey; Becker, Tara; Grieve, Adam et al. (2013) Health-related quality of life in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis: convergent validity with parent-reports and objective measures of pulmonary health. J Dev Behav Pediatr 34:252-61
Shoff, Suzanne M; Tluczek, Audrey; Laxova, Anita et al. (2013) Nutritional status is associated with health-related quality of life in children with cystic fibrosis aged 9-19 years. J Cyst Fibros 12:746-53
Wells, Janelle; Rosenberg, Marjorie; Hoffman, Gary et al. (2012) A decision-tree approach to cost comparison of newborn screening strategies for cystic fibrosis. Pediatrics 129:e339-47

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