The acyl-CoA dehydrogenases (ACSs) are a family of evolutionarily related enzymes involved in the first step of beta-oxidation of fatty acids and in the intermediate metabolism of leucine, isoleucine, and valine. Deficiencies of these enzymes are increasingly being recognized as important causes of inherited defects of metabolism in humans. The long range objective of this application is to investigate important structure/function relationships in the ACD gene family at the molecular level. The general hypothesis is that this information will afford a better understanding of genotype/phenotype correlations in patients with deficiencies of these enzymes.
Specific aims of this proposal include Aim I: molecular and functional analysis of IVD mutations in patients with isovaleric acidemia;
Aim 2 : analysis of the pathway of IVD maturation and assembly;
and Aim 3 : determination of substrate specificity within the ACD gene family. Mutant enzymes from patients with deficiencies of IVD will be studied at the molecular and biochemical level in order to correlate genotype with clinical phenotype. IVA cells with defects in IVD RNA splicing and stability, as well as gene transcription and mRNA translation will also be studied. Crystal structure of isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase will be used to direct site specific mutagenesis experiments to determine structural motifs and amino acid residues important in the formation of active enzyme tetramers. Finally, factors important in determining substrate specificity of the ACDs will be explored. Crystal structure of short chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SCAD) and IVD will be used to guide construction of altered SCAD and IVD enzymes with enhanced ability to utilize octanoyl-CoA as substrate. These studies will lead to a more complete understanding of the ACD gene family, and an improvement in the ability to diagnose and treat patients with these disorders.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DK045482-07
Application #
6177342
Study Section
Medical Biochemistry Study Section (MEDB)
Program Officer
Mckeon, Catherine T
Project Start
1993-08-01
Project End
2001-04-30
Budget Start
2000-05-01
Budget End
2001-04-30
Support Year
7
Fiscal Year
2000
Total Cost
$207,784
Indirect Cost
Name
Mayo Clinic, Rochester
Department
Type
DUNS #
City
Rochester
State
MN
Country
United States
Zip Code
55905
Tein, Ingrid; Elpeleg, Orly; Ben-Zeev, Bruria et al. (2008) Short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase gene mutation (c.319C>T) presents with clinical heterogeneity and is candidate founder mutation in individuals of Ashkenazi Jewish origin. Mol Genet Metab 93:179-89
He, M; Rutledge, S L; Kelly, D R et al. (2007) A new genetic disorder in mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation: ACAD9 deficiency. Am J Hum Genet 81:87-103
Lee, Yong-Wha; Lee, Dong Hwan; Vockley, Jerry et al. (2007) Different spectrum of mutations of isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase (IVD) gene in Korean patients with isovaleric acidemia. Mol Genet Metab 92:71-7
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Vockley, Jerry; Ensenauer, Regina (2006) Isovaleric acidemia: new aspects of genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 142C:95-103
Conlon, Thomas J; Walter, Glenn; Owen, Renius et al. (2006) Systemic correction of a fatty acid oxidation defect by intramuscular injection of a recombinant adeno-associated virus vector. Hum Gene Ther 17:71-80
Merritt 2nd, J Lawrence; Matern, Dietrich; Vockley, Jerry et al. (2006) In vitro characterization and in vivo expression of human very-long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase. Mol Genet Metab 88:351-8
Goetzman, Eric S; He, Miao; Nguyen, Tien V et al. (2006) Functional analysis of acyl-CoA dehydrogenase catalytic residue mutants using surface plasmon resonance and circular dichroism. Mol Genet Metab 87:233-42
Goetzman, Eric S; Mohsen, Al-Walid A; Prasad, Kavita et al. (2005) Convergent evolution of a 2-methylbutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase from isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase in Solanum tuberosum. J Biol Chem 280:4873-9
Schowalter, David B; Matern, Dietrich; Vockley, Jerry (2005) In vitro correction of medium chain acyl CoA dehydrogenase deficiency with a recombinant adenoviral vector. Mol Genet Metab 85:88-95

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