The overall objective of this proposal is to define the cellular mechanisms culminating in lethal liver cell injury. Because of the importance of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in human liver injury, our program is working on the cellular and subcellular mechanisms causing liver injury by this cytokine. Specifically, our long-term objectives are to understand the mechanisms involved in TNF-alpha-mediated hepatocyte apoptosis. Based on extensive preliminary data, we propose the novel CENTRAL HYPOTHESIS that TNF-alpha signals selective lysosomal permeabilization resulting in cathepsin B release into the cytosol, where it initiates mitochondrial dysfunction resulting in apoptosis and liver injury. We will now employ current and complementary, molecular, biochemical and cell biological approaches to ascertain how TNF-alpha triggers this unexplored pathway of apoptosis. Our proposal has three SPECIFIC AIMS. FIRST, we will directly test the hypothesis that TNF-alpha signal lysosomal permeabilization: a) by activating neutral sphingomyelinases through the adaptor protein FAN (factor associated with neutral sphingomyelinase) with subsequent sphingosine generation; and b) by a process dependent upon intra-lysosomal cathepsin B (i.e., cathepsin B-dependent cathepsin B release). SECOND, we will test the hypothesis that cytosolic cathepsin B mediates apoptosis: a) by activating the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis; and b) by cleaving the proapoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family Bid, resulting in its activation and translocation to mitochondria where it induces cytochrome c release. FINALLY, we will test the hypothesis that cathepsin B mediates liver injury such that: a) cathepsin B knockout mice are resistant to liver injury following endogenous stimulation of TNF-alpha in the bile duct-ligated mouse; and b) cathepsin B knockout mice have reduced parameters of liver fibrosis following bile duct ligation. The proposal is innovative, technically and conceptually, as it tests new concepts for TNF-alpha mediated liver injury and apoptosis in general using sophisticated technologies. The significance of the information generated is that it will provide a framework for the potential development of novel therapeutic strategies effective in attenuating human liver injury.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DK063947-03
Application #
6942769
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-ALTX-4 (02))
Program Officer
Doo, Edward
Project Start
2003-08-01
Project End
2008-05-31
Budget Start
2005-06-01
Budget End
2006-05-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2005
Total Cost
$247,818
Indirect Cost
Name
Mayo Clinic, Rochester
Department
Type
DUNS #
006471700
City
Rochester
State
MN
Country
United States
Zip Code
55905
Guicciardi, Maria Eugenia; Trussoni, Christy E; Krishnan, Anuradha et al. (2018) Macrophages contribute to the pathogenesis of sclerosing cholangitis in mice. J Hepatol 69:676-686
Moncsek, Anja; Al-Suraih, Mohammed S; Trussoni, Christy E et al. (2018) Targeting senescent cholangiocytes and activated fibroblasts with B-cell lymphoma-extra large inhibitors ameliorates fibrosis in multidrug resistance 2 gene knockout (Mdr2-/- ) mice. Hepatology 67:247-259
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Cheung, Angela C; Lazaridis, Konstantinos N; LaRusso, Nicholas F et al. (2017) Emerging pharmacologic therapies for primary sclerosing cholangitis. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 33:149-157
Guicciardi, Maria Eugenia; Krishnan, Anuradha; Bronk, Steven F et al. (2017) Biliary tract instillation of a SMAC mimetic induces TRAIL-dependent acute sclerosing cholangitis-like injury in mice. Cell Death Dis 8:e2535
Hirsova, Petra; Guicciardi, Maria Eugenia; Gores, Gregory J (2017) Proapoptotic signaling induced by deletion of receptor-interacting kinase 1 and TNF receptor-associated factor 2 results in liver carcinogenesis. Hepatology 66:983-985
Guicciardi, Maria Eugenia; Gores, Gregory J (2016) Paving the TRAIL to anti-fibrotic therapy. Hepatology 64:29-31
Bergquist, John R; Ivanics, Tommy; Storlie, Curtis B et al. (2016) Implications of CA19-9 elevation for survival, staging, and treatment sequencing in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A national cohort analysis. J Surg Oncol 114:475-82
Guicciardi, Maria Eugenia; Gores, Gregory J; Jaeschke, Hartmut (2015) Acetaminophen knocks on death's door and receptor interacting protein 1 kinase answers. Hepatology 62:1664-6
Guicciardi, Maria Eugenia; Werneburg, Nathan W; Bronk, Steven F et al. (2014) Cellular inhibitor of apoptosis (cIAP)-mediated ubiquitination of phosphofurin acidic cluster sorting protein 2 (PACS-2) negatively regulates tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) cytotoxicity. PLoS One 9:e92124

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