The objective of this proposal is to continue a program of research designed to determine the course of development of visuospatial functions in human infants and children. The results will be relevant to our understanding of maturational and exposure-induced changes in the underlying neuronal mechanisms, to the recognition of early, potentially pathological, deviations from normal developments, and to possible ameliorative treatment. The following six specific directions of research are proposed. 1. Development of Orientational Selectivity: To determine the course of the sharpening of orientational tuning to edges through infancy and childhood. 2. Development of Spatial Frequency Selectivity: To determine the course of progressively narrowing tuning during infancy and childhood. 3. Development of Binocular Vision and Oculomotor Control: To establish the relationship between the development of stereopsis, the directional symmetrization of monocular OKN, and eye alignments to visual targets. 4. Analysis of Early-Onset Myopia and Visual Function in Children with Known Refractive Histories: To determine the influence of infantile refractive error on later error and on visual and oculomotor function. 5. Analysis of Sex Differences in Visual Development: To determine the magnitude and time course of sex differences and their hormonal cause. 6. Computerized Data Base and Control of Testing Procedures: To continue cumulating data under computer control and developing automated test procedures for use in laboratory and clinic.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Eye Institute (NEI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01EY001191-20
Application #
3255754
Study Section
Visual Sciences B Study Section (VISB)
Project Start
1980-09-01
Project End
1995-08-31
Budget Start
1993-09-01
Budget End
1994-08-31
Support Year
20
Fiscal Year
1993
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Department
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
City
Cambridge
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
02139
Deng, Li; Gwiazda, Jane E (2012) Anisometropia in children from infancy to 15 years. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 53:3782-7
Deng, Li; Gwiazda, Jane (2011) Birth season, photoperiod, and infancy refraction. Optom Vis Sci 88:383-7
Deng, Li; Gwiazda, Jane; Thorn, Frank (2010) Children's refractions and visual activities in the school year and summer. Optom Vis Sci 87:406-13
Thorn, Frank; Gwiazda, Jane; Held, Richard (2005) Myopia progression is specified by a double exponential growth function. Optom Vis Sci 82:286-97
Thorn, Frank; Cruz, Antonio A V; Machado, Andre J et al. (2005) Refractive status of indigenous people in the northwestern Amazon region of Brazil. Optom Vis Sci 82:267-72
Gwiazda, Jane; Thorn, Frank; Held, Richard (2005) Accommodation, accommodative convergence, and response AC/A ratios before and at the onset of myopia in children. Optom Vis Sci 82:273-8
Vera-Diaz, Fuensanta A; Gwiazda, Jane; Thorn, Frank et al. (2004) Increased accommodation following adaptation to image blur in myopes. J Vis 4:1111-9
He, Ji C; Gwiazda, Jane; Thorn, Frank et al. (2003) Wave-front aberrations in the anterior corneal surface and the whole eye. J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis 20:1155-63
He, Ji C; Gwiazda, Jane; Thorn, Frank et al. (2003) Change in corneal shape and corneal wave-front aberrations with accommodation. J Vis 3:456-63
He, Ji C; Sun, Pei; Held, Richard et al. (2002) Wavefront aberrations in eyes of emmetropic and moderately myopic school children and young adults. Vision Res 42:1063-70

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