This grant renewal application focuses on understanding the role of lipid-derived oxidative protein and ethanolamine phospholipid modification in eye diseases. Previously we found that (1) prostanoid endoperoxides, generated through cyclo oxygenase or free radical-induced oxidation of arachidonates, rearrange to 3-ketoaldehydes - levuglandins (LGs) and isolevuglandins (isoLGs), respectively - that covalently modify proteins extraordinarily rapidly (within seconds) contributing to pathogenesis, e.g., of glaucoma, and that (2) oxidatively truncated phospholipids containing 3-hydroxyalkenal functional arrays covalently modify proteins to generate carboxyalkyl-pyrrole derivatives. Some of these, e.g., carboxyethyl- pyrroles (CEPs), promote the angiogenesis involved in choroidal neovascularization, the primary cause of severe vision loss in individuals with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). CEPs also foster an immune-mediated atrophy of the retina that recapitulates that of the """"""""dry"""""""" form of AMD. To build on these discoveries, we will continue a productive and successful program of strongly collaborative studies. Our immediate goals for the next five years are to understand the involvements of LG/isoLG-ethanolamine phospholipid and -protein modification in eye diseases and develop therapeutic countermeasures by testing the hypotheses that: (1) modification of ethanolamine phospholipids and proteins by LGs/isoLGs accompanies the development of primary open angle glaucoma and AMD and contributes to pathology, and (2) that molecules that act as sacrificial nucleophiles can protect proteins and ethanolamine phospholipids against adduction and crosslinking by LGs/isoLGs in vivo. We also will determine the biological mechanisms of carboxyalkylpyrrole-induced pathology in eye diseases and develop therapeutic counter measures by testing the hypotheses that: (1) carboxyethyl- or carboxy propyl-pyrrole-promoted angiogenesis via TLR2 receptors on endothelial cells contributes to choroidal neovascularization (""""""""wet AMD""""""""), and that anti-CEP Fab or soluble TLR2 fragment """"""""decoy receptors"""""""" can therapeutically block this angiogenesis;and (2) T- and B-cell recognition of CEP-modified antigenic peptide(s) contributes to the global retinal atrophy of AMD, and that therapeutic induction of tolerance can blunt this response. Although our mouse models of """"""""wet"""""""" and """"""""dry"""""""" AMD can yield essential information regarding the specific signaling pathways involved in the onset of disease, there is always the possibility that observations made in the mouse that does not have a macula, may not faithfully recapitulate the human disease, particularly when it comes to therapeutic strategies. To bridge this potential gap, we will develop a better animal model of """"""""dry"""""""" AMD. If we succeed in developing a """"""""decoy receptor"""""""" drug for treating """"""""wet"""""""" AMD we will test its therapeutic efficacy using a laser-induced animal model of choroidal neovascularization.

Public Health Relevance

This project builds on discoveries of specific oxidatively damaged lipids that modify proteins in the eye thereby contributing to the pathology of age-related macular degeneration and glaucoma, eye diseases that diminish the quality of life of millions of Americans. The project seeks to determine the biochemical mechanisms through which the damaged proteins contribute to the disease processes in order to facilitate the rational design of therapeutic countermeasures. The project also seeks to develop drugs that trap the oxidized lipids before they can damage proteins, or that block the interaction of the lipid-modified proteins with receptors that initiate pathological signals which cause growth of capillaries into the retina or cornea, or that blunt the ability of certain immune cells to contribute to retinal degeneration.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
3R01GM021249-33S1
Application #
8653379
Study Section
Synthetic and Biological Chemistry A Study Section (SBCA)
Program Officer
Okita, Richard T
Project Start
1978-08-01
Project End
2015-03-31
Budget Start
2013-04-01
Budget End
2014-03-31
Support Year
33
Fiscal Year
2013
Total Cost
$142,425
Indirect Cost
$52,425
Name
Case Western Reserve University
Department
Chemistry
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
077758407
City
Cleveland
State
OH
Country
United States
Zip Code
44106
Salomon, Robert G (2017) Carboxyethylpyrroles: From Hypothesis to the Discovery of Biologically Active Natural Products. Chem Res Toxicol 30:105-113
Wu, Chunying; Wang, Xizhen; Tomko, Nicholas et al. (2017) 2-(ω-Carboxyethyl)pyrrole Antibody as a New Inhibitor of Tumor Angiogenesis and Growth. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 17:813-820
Cheng, Yu-Shiuan; Yu, Wenyuan; Xu, Yunfeng et al. (2017) Total Synthesis Confirms the Molecular Structure Proposed for Oxidized Levuglandin D2. J Nat Prod 80:488-498
Wang, Hua; Linetsky, Mikhail; Guo, Junhong et al. (2016) Metabolism of 4-Hydroxy-7-oxo-5-heptenoic Acid (HOHA) Lactone by Retinal Pigmented Epithelial Cells. Chem Res Toxicol 29:1198-210
Guo, Junhong; Linetsky, Mikhail; Yu, Annabelle O et al. (2016) 4-Hydroxy-7-oxo-5-heptenoic Acid Lactone Induces Angiogenesis through Several Different Molecular Pathways. Chem Res Toxicol 29:2125-2135
Bi, Wenzhao; Jang, Geeng-Fu; Zhang, Lei et al. (2016) Molecular Structures of Isolevuglandin-Protein Cross-Links. Chem Res Toxicol 29:1628-1640
Biswas, Sudipta; Xin, Liang; Panigrahi, Soumya et al. (2016) Novel phosphatidylethanolamine derivatives accumulate in circulation in hyperlipidemic ApoE-/- mice and activate platelets via TLR2. Blood 127:2618-29
Guo, Junhong; Hong, Li; West, Xiaoxia Z et al. (2016) Bioactive 4-Oxoheptanedioic Monoamide Derivatives of Proteins and Ethanolaminephospholipids: Products of Docosahexaenoate Oxidation. Chem Res Toxicol 29:1706-1719
Guo, Junhong; Wang, Hua; Hrinczenko, Borys et al. (2016) Efficient Quantitative Analysis of Carboxyalkylpyrrole Ethanolamine Phospholipids: Elevated Levels in Sickle Cell Disease Blood. Chem Res Toxicol 29:1187-97
Salomon, Robert G; Bi, Wenzhao (2015) Isolevuglandin adducts in disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 22:1703-18

Showing the most recent 10 out of 97 publications