Biomarker development is a high priority area of research for NIH. However, standards for statistical design and evaluation of biomarker studies are not well developed, especially when compared with other medical fields such as therapeutics and epidemiology. This grant proposes to develop statistical methods for several important problems in biomarker research focusing on use of biomarkers for screening, diagnosis, prognosis and risk prediction.
Aim 1 concerns improvement in prediction (or detection) of disease when a novel biomarker is added to an existing set of clinical predictors/markers. We will investigate: (i) The statistical characteristics of a new marker relative to existing predictors that lead to large versus small improvements in performance. Practical implications will be developed for selecting marker panels for validation from large sets of candidate biomarkers in discovery research;(ii) Techniques for making statistical inference about measures that quantify improvement in performance, improving upon existing methods that are flawed;and (iii) Designs for studies to estimate improvement in performance with a focus on the practice of choosing controls to match cases in regards to clinical predictors or existing markers. We will develop methods for estimation with a matched design and investigate if the design leads to more efficient use of data. The goal of aim 2 is to develop a framework for simultaneously estimating relative risks associated with a biomarker and its performance for classification. These two tasks are currently done separately leading to disjointed, and sometimes inconsistent, results. In addition to providing a more coherent approach to analysis, we believe that wide availability and familiarity of methods for relative risk regression will enable researchers to do more sophisticated analyses of biomarker performance than is currently done in practice. In particular, we propose to develop methods in this framework for comparing biomarkers, for evaluating factors that affect biomarker performance and for meta-analysis that combines data from different studies or subpopulations. Methods will be evaluated using cancer biomarker datasets from collaborations with investigators in the Early Detection Research Network, as well as collaborations on HIV research, emergency medicine research and fertility research. Mathematical theory and simulation models will be used to evaluate and compare statistical techniques. Software will be written in Stata and R statistical packages and will be made available via our Diagnostics and Biomarker Statistical Center website, http://labs.fhcrc.org/pepe/dabs/.

Public Health Relevance

Biomarker development is a high priority area of research. However, standards for statistical design and evaluation of biomarker studies are not well developed, especially when compared with other medical fields such as therapeutics and epidemiology. This project seeks to develop statistical methods for several important problems in biomarker research focusing on use of biomarkers for disease screening, diagnosis, prognosis and risk prediction. Rigorous and efficient evaluation of biomarkers will enable patients and their healthcare providers to make better use of biomarker information in making medical decisions.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01GM054438-16
Application #
8433361
Study Section
Biostatistical Methods and Research Design Study Section (BMRD)
Program Officer
Sheeley, Douglas
Project Start
1996-05-01
Project End
2016-03-31
Budget Start
2013-04-01
Budget End
2014-03-31
Support Year
16
Fiscal Year
2013
Total Cost
$322,132
Indirect Cost
$133,957
Name
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Department
Type
DUNS #
078200995
City
Seattle
State
WA
Country
United States
Zip Code
98109
Kerr, Kathleen F; Brown, Marshall; Janes, Holly (2017) Reply to A.J. Vickers et al. J Clin Oncol 35:473-475
Kim, Soyoung; Huang, Ying (2017) Combining biomarkers for classification with covariate adjustment. Stat Med 36:2347-2362
Kerr, Kathleen F; Brown, Marshall D; Zhu, Kehao et al. (2016) Assessing the Clinical Impact of Risk Prediction Models With Decision Curves: Guidance for Correct Interpretation and Appropriate Use. J Clin Oncol 34:2534-40
Fong, Youyi; Yin, Shuxin; Huang, Ying (2016) Combining biomarkers linearly and nonlinearly for classification using the area under the ROC curve. Stat Med 35:3792-809
Pepe, Margaret S; Janes, Holly; Li, Christopher I et al. (2016) Early-Phase Studies of Biomarkers: What Target Sensitivity and Specificity Values Might Confer Clinical Utility? Clin Chem 62:737-42
Huang, Ying (2016) Evaluating and comparing biomarkers with respect to the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve in two-phase case-control studies. Biostatistics 17:499-522
Huang, Ying; Laber, Eric (2016) Personalized Evaluation of Biomarker Value: A Cost-Benefit Perspective. Stat Biosci 8:43-65
Pepe, Margaret Sullivan (2015) Response. J Natl Cancer Inst 107:356
Pepe, Margaret S; Fan, Jing; Feng, Ziding et al. (2015) The Net Reclassification Index (NRI): a Misleading Measure of Prediction Improvement Even with Independent Test Data Sets. Stat Biosci 7:282-295
Pepe, Margaret S; Li, Christopher I; Feng, Ziding (2015) Improving the quality of biomarker discovery research: the right samples and enough of them. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 24:944-50

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