Oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and other heteroatoms are critical to the biological function of pharmaceuticals and other biologically active organic molecules. In this context, oxidation reactions are among the most important transformations in organic chemistry because they increase the chemical complexity of and incorporate heteroatom substituents into carbon-based molecules. In this project, we will develop Pd-catalyzed methods for selective oxidation of alkenes that are capable of using O2 as the stoichiometric oxidant. Intramolecular oxidative amination reactions will be developed for diastero- and enantioselective synthesis of nitrogen heterocycles and for the modular coupling of primary amines with allylic amines or allylic alcohols enroute to versatile vicinial diamine and aminoalcohol products. Highly active catalysts recently discovered in the course of this work will be used to pursue the development of regio- and stereoselective methods for intermolecular oxidative amination of alkenes. The key to the success of these intra- and intermolecular reactions is the discovery and development of novel ligands for Pd that support high catalyst stability, activity and selectivity. Experimental and DFT computational methods will be used to characterize the mechanism of these reactions and provide a foundation for the design of more effective catalysts. Most of these oxidative amination reactions are expected to proceed via a mechanism involving aminopalladation of the alkene; however, we have recently discovered a novel catalyst system that enables selective oxidation of allylic C-H bonds. The utility of these reactions will be expanded through the mechanism-based design of improved catalyst systems and the development of new synthetic applications of allylic C-H oxidation. Finally, we will apply our insights into aerobic oxidation catalysis to develop an efficient method for regioselective aerobic oxidative coupling of aryl- and vinyl-boronic acid derivatives with electronically unbiased alkenes. Overall, the catalytic reactions will lead to highly efficient and atom- economical methods for the formation of new C-N, C-O and C-C bonds in pharmaceutically relevant building blocks and complex organic molecules.

Public Health Relevance

The development of efficient methods for the synthesis of organic molecules is critical for the discovery, development and commercial production of pharmaceuticals and therapeutic agents. The research outlined in this proposal will lead to new catalytic methods for the preparation of such biologically active molecules.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01GM067173-13
Application #
8786083
Study Section
Synthetic and Biological Chemistry B Study Section (SBCB)
Program Officer
Lees, Robert G
Project Start
2003-01-01
Project End
2015-12-31
Budget Start
2015-01-01
Budget End
2015-12-31
Support Year
13
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
$257,716
Indirect Cost
$80,776
Name
University of Wisconsin Madison
Department
Chemistry
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
161202122
City
Madison
State
WI
Country
United States
Zip Code
53715
Tereniak, Stephen J; Stahl, Shannon S (2017) Mechanistic Basis for Efficient, Site-Selective, Aerobic Catalytic Turnover in Pd-Catalyzed C-H Imidoylation of Heterocycle-Containing Molecules. J Am Chem Soc 139:14533-14541
Jaworski, Jonathan N; McCann, Scott D; Guzei, Ilia A et al. (2017) Detection of Palladium(I) in Aerobic Oxidation Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 56:3605-3610
Wang, Dian; Stahl, Shannon S (2017) Pd-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Biaryl Coupling: Non-Redox Cocatalysis by Cu(OTf)2 and Discovery of Fe(OTf)3 as a Highly Effective Cocatalyst. J Am Chem Soc 139:5704-5707
Clagg, Kyle; Hou, Haiyun; Weinstein, Adam B et al. (2016) Synthesis of Indole-2-carboxylate Derivatives via Palladium-Catalyzed Aerobic Amination of Aryl C-H Bonds. Org Lett 18:3586-9
White, Paul B; Jaworski, Jonathan N; Zhu, Geyunjian Harry et al. (2016) Diazafluorenone-Promoted Oxidation Catalysis: Insights into the Role of Bidentate Ligands in Pd-Catalyzed Aerobic Aza-Wacker Reactions. ACS Catal 6:3340-3348
White, Paul B; Jaworski, Jonathan N; Fry, Charles G et al. (2016) Structurally Diverse Diazafluorene-Ligated Palladium(II) Complexes and Their Implications for Aerobic Oxidation Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 138:4869-80
Zultanski, Susan L; Stahl, Shannon S (2015) Palladium-Catalyzed Aerobic Acetoxylation of Benzene using NOx-Based Redox Mediators. J Organomet Chem 52:97-102
Osterberg, Paul M; Niemeier, Jeffry K; Welch, Christopher J et al. (2015) Experimental Limiting Oxygen Concentrations for Nine Organic Solvents at Temperatures and Pressures Relevant to Aerobic Oxidations in the Pharmaceutical Industry. Org Process Res Dev 19:1537-1543
Zheng, Changwu; Stahl, Shannon S (2015) Regioselective aerobic oxidative Heck reactions with electronically unbiased alkenes: efficient access to ?-alkyl vinylarenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 51:12771-4
Wang, Dian; Izawa, Yusuke; Stahl, Shannon S (2014) Pd-catalyzed aerobic oxidative coupling of arenes: evidence for transmetalation between two Pd(II)-aryl intermediates. J Am Chem Soc 136:9914-7

Showing the most recent 10 out of 49 publications