The purpose of this proposal is to continue studying the regulation and function of tissue (renal) kallikrein. Tissue kallikreins, a subgroup of closely related serine proteinases, have diverse functions depending on their location and substrate specificity. The best recognized biological role of tissue kallikreins is to produce vasoactive kinin peptides from kininogen substrates by limited proteolysis. Several members of this multigene family are involved in processing polypeptide hormones and growth factors. Advances in this and many other laboratories during recent years have made it possible to initiate a major effort to investigate the function of tissue kallikrein in hypertension and peptide- hormone processing. We have established technologies and developed an array of biochemical, immunological and molecular reagents which have paved the way for the currently proposed studies. Our goals will be accomplished by: (1). Purification and structural analysis of kallikrein gene family members from rat and human. Substrate specificities of kallikreins will be correlated with their 3-dimensional structures determined by X-ray crystallography and specific cleavages of polypeptide precursors by kallikreins will be defined. (2). Analysis of the structure and organization of rat and human kallikrein gene families. Sequence information will be used to design specific oligonucleotides for the identification of new kallikrein genes and their transcripts. (3). In vitro analysis of renal kallikrein gene regulatory elements. A rat renal kallikrein gene 5' promoter region spliced to a reporter gene will be used to define both cis- and trans-acting elements which regulate renal kallikrein gene transcription. (4). Analysis of renal kallikrein gene expression in vivo and identification of sequences essential for renal expression by transgenic techniques. The impact of elevated levels of circulating tissue kallikreins on the cardiovascular system will be assessed through the induction of kallikrein gene expression in transgenic mice. (5). Analysis of the genetic basis of kallikrein function in blood pressure regulation by defining the molecular defect in the kallikrein gene linked to RFLPs and the hypertensive phenotype in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). (6). Inactivation of the mouse renal kallikrein gene by homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells. The potential roles of kallikrein in regulating blood pressure and processing bioactive peptides will be examined in the kallikrein-deficient mice. These studies will lend insight into the roles this group of fascinating enzymes play in human cardiovascular physiology and diseases.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HL029397-11
Application #
3340514
Study Section
Cardiovascular and Renal Study Section (CVB)
Project Start
1986-07-01
Project End
1995-06-30
Budget Start
1993-07-01
Budget End
1994-06-30
Support Year
11
Fiscal Year
1993
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Medical University of South Carolina
Department
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
183710748
City
Charleston
State
SC
Country
United States
Zip Code
29425
Li, Pengfei; Guo, Youming; Bledsoe, Grant et al. (2015) Kallistatin treatment attenuates lethality and organ injury in mouse models of established sepsis. Crit Care 19:200
Chao, Julie; Bledsoe, Grant; Chao, Lee (2014) Tissue kallikrein-kinin therapy in hypertension and organ damage. Prog Drug Res 69:37-57
Gao, Lin; Li, Pengfei; Zhang, Jingmei et al. (2014) Novel role of kallistatin in vascular repair by promoting mobility, viability, and function of endothelial progenitor cells. J Am Heart Assoc 3:e001194
Li, Pengfei; Bledsoe, Grant; Yang, Zhi-Rong et al. (2014) Human kallistatin administration reduces organ injury and improves survival in a mouse model of polymicrobial sepsis. Immunology 142:216-26
Zhang, Jingmei; Yang, Zhirong; Li, Pengfei et al. (2013) Kallistatin antagonizes Wnt/*-catenin signaling and cancer cell motility via binding to low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6. Mol Cell Biochem 379:295-301
Yao, Yuyu; Sheng, Zulong; Li, YeFei et al. (2013) Tissue kallikrein-modified human endothelial progenitor cell implantation improves cardiac function via enhanced activation of akt and increased angiogenesis. Lab Invest 93:577-91
Gao, Lin; Bledsoe, Grant; Yin, Hang et al. (2013) Tissue kallikrein-modified mesenchymal stem cells provide enhanced protection against ischemic cardiac injury after myocardial infarction. Circ J 77:2134-44
Zhou, J; Zhang, J; Chao, J (2012) Porphyromonas gingivalis promotes monocyte migration by activating MMP-9. J Periodontal Res 47:236-42
Liu, Yuying; Bledsoe, Grant; Hagiwara, Makato et al. (2012) Depletion of endogenous kallistatin exacerbates renal and cardiovascular oxidative stress, inflammation, and organ remodeling. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 303:F1230-8
Gao, Lin; Chao, Lee; Chao, Julie (2010) A novel signaling pathway of tissue kallikrein in promoting keratinocyte migration: activation of proteinase-activated receptor 1 and epidermal growth factor receptor. Exp Cell Res 316:376-89

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