Social stereotypes can be seen as social categories in which we place ourselves and others. While the use of such categories may increase the efficiency of social judgment processes, stereotypes also have well-known deleterious effects, such as when individuals are categorically derogated. In order to understand stereotypes more fully, it's necessary to understand how social groups are encoded and represented in memory. The research proposed is aimed at clarifying and extending existing models for the representation of social categories, with particular attention devoted to the ability of these models to account for perceived differences in group variability. A secondary goal of the proposed research is to develop a more adequate representational account for the out-group homogeneity effect. Four groups of studies are proposed. In the first, three studies are described to study the role of familiarity in the development of social stereotypes and the perception of group variability. These studies involve both experimental manipulations of familiarity and panel surveys to follow the development of group stereotypes over time. The second set of proposed studies focuses on identifying computational procedures that subjects might employ when deriving variability estimates of groups. Existing models of perceived group variability make a variety of assumptions about such computational procedures that these studies will directly examine. The third set of studies explores in-group/out-group differences in how group information is encoded and retrieved. The investigators posit a motivational difference at both encoding and retrieval that may partially account for the out-group homogeneity effect. Finally, the fourth set of studies focuses on the role of the self in forming judgments of groups to which one belongs.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01MH045049-04
Application #
2246340
Study Section
Mental Health Behavioral Sciences Research Review Committee (BSR)
Project Start
1991-04-01
Project End
1996-01-31
Budget Start
1994-04-01
Budget End
1996-01-31
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
1994
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Colorado at Boulder
Department
Psychology
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
City
Boulder
State
CO
Country
United States
Zip Code
80309
Correll, Joshua; Wittenbrink, Bernd; Park, Bernadette et al. (2011) Dangerous Enough: Moderating Racial Bias with Contextual Threat Cues. J Exp Soc Psychol 47:184-189
Sei Jin Ko; Judd, Charles M; Stapel, Diederik A (2009) Stereotyping based on voice in the presence of individuating information: vocal femininity affects perceived competence but not warmth. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 35:198-211
Ko, Sei Jin; Judd, Charles M; Blair, Irene V (2006) What the voice reveals: within- and between-category stereotyping on the basis of voice. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 32:806-19
Park, Bernadette; Judd, Charles M (2005) Rethinking the link between categorization and prejudice within the social cognition perspective. Pers Soc Psychol Rev 9:108-30
Muller, Dominique; Judd, Charles M; Yzerbyt, Vincent Y (2005) When moderation is mediated and mediation is moderated. J Pers Soc Psychol 89:852-63
Blair, Irene V; Judd, Charles M; Chapleau, Kristine M (2004) The influence of Afrocentric facial features in criminal sentencing. Psychol Sci 15:674-9
Guinote, Ana; Judd, Charles M; Brauer, Markus (2002) Effects of power on perceived and objective group variability: evidence that more powerful groups are more variable. J Pers Soc Psychol 82:708-21
Blair, Irene V; Judd, Charles M; Sadler, Melody S et al. (2002) The role of Afrocentric features in person perception: judging by features and categories. J Pers Soc Psychol 83:5-25
Corneille, Olivier; Klein, Olivier; Lambert, Sophie et al. (2002) On the role of familiarity with units of measurement in categorical accentuation: Tajfel and Wilkes (1963) revisited and replicated. Psychol Sci 13:380-3
Overbeck, J R; Park, B (2001) When power does not corrupt: superior individuation processes among powerful perceivers. J Pers Soc Psychol 81:549-65

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