The challenges for toddlers (2-3 year olds) in foster care straddle issues faced by infants and preschoolers. Similarly to infants in foster care, toddlers face significant challenges in forming new attachment relationships;similarly to preschoolers, they face challenges developing behavioral control. The attachment needs of these children are not addressed well by an exclusively social learning approach, and the needs for developing behavioral control are not addressed well by an exclusively attachment approach. This competing continuation R01 would assess the effectiveness of an intervention that targets these dual issues within the context of the child welfare system. Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-up for Toddlers in Foster Care (ABC-T) was developed to help foster parents: provide nurturing care so that children develop secure, trusting relationships;and set reliable contingencies that enhance children's ability to regulate behavior and biology. This intervention's effectiveness will be assessed in a randomized clinical trial. Participants will include 220 young children between the ages of 24 and 36 months who are placed into foster care. Children will be randomly assigned to receive either the ABC-T intervention or a control intervention, Developmental Education for Families (DEF). Both interventions will consist of 10 sessions delivered in families'homes. Foster parents'behaviors and children's functioning will be assessed at pre- and post-intervention, and when children are 3-, 4-, and 5-years old through a variety of tasks. Foster parents receiving the ABC-T intervention are expected to provide more nurturing care and to set more reliable contingencies than foster parents receiving the DEF intervention. Children in the ABC-T intervention group are expected to show more secure attachments to caregivers than children in the DEF intervention, to show more normative production of cortisol, to show fewer behavior problems, and to show lower incidence of DSM IV-R disorders, including most especially Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Conduct Disorder, than children in the DEF intervention group.

Public Health Relevance

Toddlers in the foster care system face unique challenges of forming attachments to new caregivers while learning to control their behavior. However, there are few evidence-based programs that address these issues. Specialized mental health services that specifically target the needs of these children will be assessed in this study.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01MH052135-13
Application #
8206607
Study Section
Mental Health Services in Non-Specialty Settings (SRNS)
Program Officer
Goldstein, Amy B
Project Start
1996-05-01
Project End
2014-12-31
Budget Start
2012-01-01
Budget End
2012-12-31
Support Year
13
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$568,201
Indirect Cost
$196,828
Name
University of Delaware
Department
Psychology
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
059007500
City
Newark
State
DE
Country
United States
Zip Code
19716
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Dozier, Mary; Bernard, Kristin (2017) Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-up: Addressing the Needs of Infants and Toddlers Exposed to Inadequate or Problematic Caregiving. Curr Opin Psychol 15:111-117
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Lind, Teresa; Lee Raby, K; Caron, E B et al. (2017) Enhancing executive functioning among toddlers in foster care with an attachment-based intervention. Dev Psychopathol 29:575-586
Bernard, Kristin; Lee, Amy Hyoeun; Dozier, Mary (2017) Effects of the ABC Intervention on Foster Children's Receptive Vocabulary: Follow-Up Results From a Randomized Clinical Trial. Child Maltreat 22:174-179
Caron, E B; Weston-Lee, Patria; Haggerty, Danielle et al. (2016) Community implementation outcomes of Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-up. Child Abuse Negl 53:128-37
Caron, E B; Bernard, Kristin; Dozier, Mary (2016) In Vivo Feedback Predicts Parent Behavior Change in the Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-up Intervention. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol :1-12

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