The proposed project targets mechanisms underlying the expression of child behavioral problems classified as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) combined and inattentive subtypes. It builds on the applicant's recent B/START activities to initiate in depth investigation of key areas. ADHD represents a major public health problem. Children with this syndrome pose vexing problems for parents, schools, and the criminal justice system, place extensive demands on mental health services nation-wide, and are at risk for a range of problematic outcomes in adolescence and adulthood. Conceptualizing ADHD as reflecting a core inhibitory dysfunction developing in interaction with family context, the proposed work has two aspects. First, it aims to better define the nature of inhibitory deficit in ADHD by applying current neuropsychological and cognitive models to family marker studies (i.e., considering performance in ADHD children and first degree relatives). Secondly, it aims to begin exploratory integration of child neuropsychological deficits with selected aspects of the family context. Families will be recruited via a population based multi-stage screening procedure and will then complete neuropsychological executive tasks. The procedures entail examining different kinds of inhibitory processes, using tasks from cognitive psychology already identified with ADHD (such as the stop-signal paradigm) as well as inhibitory tasks not typically used in ADHD (e.g., negative priming tasks). These tasks operationalize a model of inhibition as including dissociable functions for behavioral inhibition, cognitive inhibition, and interference control. It is posited that this model can characterize the respective cognitive profiles of the ADHD subtypes in a double dissociation manner. By joining neuropsychological factors with selected aspects of family context (e.g., parent personality and psychopathology, parental social support) the work develops an empirically based transactional systems account of the expression and maintenance of ADHD behavioral symptoms. All of these objectives in turn can shed light on nosology and etiological mechanisms, thus contributing to better evaluation and interventions by identifying which children are at risk, and which contextual factors may combine to activate the risk factors for these children.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
1R01MH059105-01A1
Application #
2903274
Study Section
Child Psychopathology and Treatment Review Committee (CPT)
Program Officer
Tuma, Farris K
Project Start
1999-09-20
Project End
2004-05-31
Budget Start
1999-09-20
Budget End
2000-05-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
1999
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Michigan State University
Department
Psychology
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
193247145
City
East Lansing
State
MI
Country
United States
Zip Code
48824
Miller, Lindsay L; Gustafsson, Hanna C; Tipsord, Jessica et al. (2018) Is the Association of ADHD with Socio-Economic Disadvantage Explained by Child Comorbid Externalizing Problems or Parent ADHD? J Abnorm Child Psychol 46:951-963
Martel, Michelle M; Levinson, Cheri A; Lee, Christine A et al. (2017) Impulsivity Symptoms as Core to the Developmental Externalizing Spectrum. J Abnorm Child Psychol 45:83-90
Roberts, Bethan A; Martel, Michelle M; Nigg, Joel T (2017) Are There Executive Dysfunction Subtypes Within ADHD? J Atten Disord 21:284-293
Musser, Erica D; Nigg, Joel T (2017) Emotion Dysregulation Across Emotion Systems in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol :1-13
Engelhardt, Paul E; Nigg, Joel T; Ferreira, Fernanda (2017) Executive function and intelligence in the resolution of temporary syntactic ambiguity: an individual differences investigation. Q J Exp Psychol (Hove) 70:1263-1281
Martel, Michelle M; Markon, Kristian; Smith, Gregory T (2017) Research Review: Multi-informant integration in child and adolescent psychopathology diagnosis. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 58:116-128
Martel, Michelle M; Nigg, Joel T; Schimmack, Ulrich (2017) Psychometrically Informed Approach to Integration of Multiple Informant Ratings in Adult ADHD in a Community-Recruited Sample. Assessment 24:279-289
Nigg, Joel T; Johnstone, Jeanette M; Musser, Erica D et al. (2016) Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and being overweight/obesity: New data and meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev 43:67-79
Ullsperger, Josie M; Nigg, Joel T; Nikolas, Molly A (2016) Does Child Temperament Play a Role in the Association Between Parenting Practices and Child Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder? J Abnorm Child Psychol 44:167-78
Musser, Erica D; Karalunas, Sarah L; Dieckmann, Nathan et al. (2016) Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder developmental trajectories related to parental expressed emotion. J Abnorm Psychol 125:182-195

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