Several strains of Sindbis virus (SV) have been developed in our laboratory and other laboratories that vary in their neurovirulence for weanling mice. The wild type AR-339 and the HR (heat resistant) strains are avirulent by intracerebral inoculation while NSV, HR-SMB and B-BHK are virulent. During the previous granting period we developed and characterized a panel of monoclonal antibodies to SV. A number of these antibodies can distinguish the virulent NSV strain from the avirulent AR-339 strain. We intend to use these reagents to identify the basis for neurovirulence of SV, the mechanism by which antibody can protect from established fatal neurological disease and the mechanism of alphavirus neutralization. To accomplish these goals we will: (1) Determine the biological correlates of neurovirulence by comparing the ability of virulent and avirulent strains of SV to replicate in vivo and in vitro and to cause fusion. (2) Determine the antigenic correlates of neurovirulence by comparatively mapping the epitopes of virulent and avirulent strains of SV and selecting avirulent mutants with monoclonal antibodies that preferentially neutralize virulent virus. (3) Determine the genetic correlates of neurovirulence by T1 RNase fingerprinting and sequencing regions of the genome which are distinct. (4) Determine the mechanism of antibody protection from fatal encephalitis by characterizing the biologic properties of protective monoclonal antibodies, assessing the requirement for Fc, characterizing a blocking factor present in early hyperimmune serum and measureing the entry of antibody into the central nervous system. (5) Determine the mechanism of neutralization of SV using monoclonal antibodies to each of the neurtalizing epitopes identified on the E1 and E2 glycoproteins.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01NS018596-07
Application #
3398596
Study Section
Experimental Virology Study Section (EVR)
Project Start
1983-04-01
Project End
1991-03-31
Budget Start
1989-04-01
Budget End
1990-03-31
Support Year
7
Fiscal Year
1989
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Johns Hopkins University
Department
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
045911138
City
Baltimore
State
MD
Country
United States
Zip Code
21218
Baxter, Victoria K; Glowinski, Rebecca; Braxton, Alicia M et al. (2017) Glutamine antagonist-mediated immune suppression decreases pathology but delays virus clearance in mice during nonfatal alphavirus encephalomyelitis. Virology 508:134-149
Griffin, Diane E (2010) Emergence and re-emergence of viral diseases of the central nervous system. Prog Neurobiol 91:95-101
Park, Eunhye; Griffin, Diane E (2009) The nsP3 macro domain is important for Sindbis virus replication in neurons and neurovirulence in mice. Virology 388:305-14
Park, Eunhye; Griffin, Diane E (2009) Interaction of Sindbis virus non-structural protein 3 with poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 in neuronal cells. J Gen Virol 90:2073-80
Knight, Ronald L; Schultz, Kimberly L W; Kent, Rebekah J et al. (2009) Role of N-linked glycosylation for sindbis virus infection and replication in vertebrate and invertebrate systems. J Virol 83:5640-7
Ng, Ching G; Coppens, Isabelle; Govindarajan, Dhanasekaran et al. (2008) Effect of host cell lipid metabolism on alphavirus replication, virion morphogenesis, and infectivity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105:16326-31
Ng, Ching G; Griffin, Diane E (2006) Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency increases susceptibility to fatal alphavirus encephalomyelitis. J Virol 80:10989-99
Bear, J Steven; Byrnes, Andrew P; Griffin, Diane E (2006) Heparin-binding and patterns of virulence for two recombinant strains of Sindbis virus. Virology 347:183-90
Vernon, Patty S; Griffin, Diane E (2005) Characterization of an in vitro model of alphavirus infection of immature and mature neurons. J Virol 79:3438-47
Zaitseva, Elena; Mittal, Aditya; Griffin, Diane E et al. (2005) Class II fusion protein of alphaviruses drives membrane fusion through the same pathway as class I proteins. J Cell Biol 169:167-77

Showing the most recent 10 out of 55 publications