The goal of this project is increase tissue rescue from stroke by improving O2 delivery with the use of cell- free hemoglobin (Hb) O2 carriers (HBOC) and agents that simultaneously improve collateral blood flow. An early clinical attempt to use the first generation of crosslinked tetrameric Hb was not successful partially because of unwanted side effects related to scavenging of the vasodilator, nitric oxide (NO), and production of the vasoconstrictor, endothelin. Our previous work demonstrated that polymerization of Hb avoided some of these side effects and rescued tissue from stroke in animals. However, dilation of pial arteries in the distal ischemic territory adjacent to anastomotic vessels was not sustained, perfusion was not improved, and tissue rescue was likely submaximal. Preliminary data indicated that dilation of these arteries could be better sustained during prolonged ischemia by co-administration of an inhibitor of arginase, an enzyme that can constrain endothelial NO production and promote superoxide generation by uncoupled NO synthase, or by co-administration of nitrite, which enables the NO scavenged by Hb to be recycled by virtue of the nitrite reductase activity of Hb. Moreover, Hb decorated with polyethylene glycol (PEG-Hb) may be superior to previously tested polymerized Hb because of its higher oncotic pressure and viscosity, which promotes endothelial shear stress-induced NO production. Indeed, transfusion of PEG-Hb during early transient focal ischemia was found to markedly reduce cortical infarct volume by 83%. Moreover, polynitroxylation of PEG- Hb, which confers antioxidant properties and limits formation of highly reactive ferryl Hb, was found to improve intraischemic dilation of pial arteries and to rescue cortex by 89%.
Aim 1 of this proposal is to optimize the transfusion protocol and dose of PEG-Hb and polynitroxylated PEG-Hb and determine if polynitroxylation provides added benefit in a more severe model of transient ischemia and in an embolic clot model.
Aim 2 is to better understand the role of arginase activity in the progressive loss of vasodilation in the ischemic border region.
This aim will reveal if an arginase inhibitor reduces endothelial oxidative stress and if co-administration with the HBOC that was optimal in Aim 1 provides additional vasodilation, improved blood flow, and tissue rescue.
Aim 3 is to determine if co-administration of nitrite with an HBOC also provides additional vasodilation and tissue rescue. Using the most efficacious vasodilating agents, HBOC product, and transfusion protocol seen in Aims 1-3, the therapeutic window of opportunity, long-term outcome and gender effects will be investigated in an embolic clot model of stroke in Aim 4. Therefore, this proposal will capitalize on more recent advances in our knowledge of the properties of HBOC and vascular control mechanisms to optimize O2 delivery and maximize tissue rescue from ischemic stroke. Results from these studies have the potential to be translated into clinical therapy for the acute treatment of stroke, a disease with high mortality and devastating disabilities that represent a large burden on society.

Public Health Relevance

Stroke is the third leading cause of death, and the disabilities that remain in survivors place a major burden on society. In experimental models of stroke, we will investigate the use of chemically modified hemoglobin molecules, which are endowed with unique physical and antioxidant properties, as transfusion fluids that enable more oxygen to be delivered to the injured brain without adding to the oxidant stress of the stroke. We will also investigate drugs that can dilate arteries and permit more blood flow and oxygen to be delivered selectively to the injured brain when administered together with the hemoglobin solution and thereby enhance rescue of tissue from ischemic stroke.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01NS038684-13
Application #
8417606
Study Section
Brain Injury and Neurovascular Pathologies Study Section (BINP)
Program Officer
Koenig, James I
Project Start
2000-01-01
Project End
2015-01-31
Budget Start
2013-02-01
Budget End
2014-01-31
Support Year
13
Fiscal Year
2013
Total Cost
$339,270
Indirect Cost
$132,398
Name
Johns Hopkins University
Department
Anesthesiology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
001910777
City
Baltimore
State
MD
Country
United States
Zip Code
21218
Tu, Ranran; Armstrong, Jillian; Lee, Kin Sing Stephen et al. (2018) Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition decreases reperfusion injury after focal cerebral ischemia. Sci Rep 8:5279
Chuang, Bryan T C; Liu, Xiaoguang; Lundberg, Alexander J et al. (2018) Refinement of embolic stroke model in rats: Effect of post-embolization anesthesia duration on arterial blood pressure, cerebral edema and mortality. J Neurosci Methods 307:8-13
Cao, Suyi; Zhang, Jian; Ma, Li et al. (2017) Transfusion of Polynitroxylated Pegylated Hemoglobin Stabilizes Pial Arterial Dilation and Decreases Infarct Volume After Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion. J Am Heart Assoc 6:
Zhang, Yue; Hong, Gina; Lee, Kin Sing Stephen et al. (2017) Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase augments astrocyte release of vascular endothelial growth factor and neuronal recovery after oxygen-glucose deprivation. J Neurochem 140:814-825
Lee, Jennifer K; Poretti, Andrea; Perin, Jamie et al. (2017) Optimizing Cerebral Autoregulation May Decrease Neonatal Regional Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury. Dev Neurosci 39:248-256
Li, Qiang; Han, Xiaoning; Lan, Xi et al. (2017) Inhibition of tPA-induced hemorrhagic transformation involves adenosine A2b receptor activation after cerebral ischemia. Neurobiol Dis 108:173-182
Liu, Xiaoguang; Gebremedhin, Debebe; Harder, David R et al. (2015) Contribution of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids to the cerebral blood flow response to hypoxemia. J Appl Physiol (1985) 119:1202-9
Wang, Meiyun; Hong, Xiaohua; Chang, Che-Feng et al. (2015) Simultaneous detection and separation of hyperacute intracerebral hemorrhage and cerebral ischemia using amide proton transfer MRI. Magn Reson Med 74:42-50
Schunke, Kathryn J; Toung, Thomas K; Zhang, Jian et al. (2015) A novel atherothrombotic model of ischemic stroke induced by injection of collagen into the cerebral vasculature. J Neurosci Methods 239:65-74
Papangelou, Alexander; Toung, Thomas J K; Gottschalk, Allan et al. (2013) Infarct volume after hyperacute infusion of hypertonic saline in a rat model of acute embolic stroke. Neurocrit Care 18:106-14

Showing the most recent 10 out of 37 publications