There is a consensus among psychologists, neuroscientists, and clinicians that the consumption of addictive substances leads to malfunctions of brain's decision-making circutry, which eventually lead to systematic pathological choice. Advancements in behavioral neuroscience and neuroeconomics over the last decade have lead to the development of a number of competing theories about the nature of the underlying dysregulatory processes. One of the most prominent theories states that addiction is the result of a dysregulation of the reward learning circuitry. This application proposes three experiments that provide the first valid test of this theory.
Aim 1 uses computational fMRI approaches imported from neuroeconomics in three novel experimental paradigms to test the theory. The grant also has a training component, Aim 2, designed to improve the nation's biomedical research base by training the Principal Investigator, a PhD student, and a post-doc on how to apply their knowledge on the neurobiology of decision making to the study of addiction.

Public Health Relevance

A necessary condition for developing more successful treatments and prevention programs for addiction is to understand what are the mechanisms through which the addictive substances interfere with the proper functioning of the brain's decision-making circuitry. Advances in behavioral neuroscience over the last decade have lead to the development of a number of competing theories about the nature of the underlying dysregulatory processes. One of the most prominent competing theories states that addiction is the result of a dysregulation of the reward learning circuitry, and in particular of the computations that are encoded by the mesolimbic dopamine system. The neuroimaging experiments proposed in this application will provide critical new tests of this theory. Testing this theory is important because both its validation and its refutation will advance public health by narrowing down the set of possible mechanisms that clinicians and neuropharmacologists will have to consider in developing new treatments for addiction.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Small Research Grants (R03)
Project #
1R03DA027914-01
Application #
7774788
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZDA1-GXM-A (03))
Program Officer
Bjork, James M
Project Start
2009-09-30
Project End
2010-08-31
Budget Start
2009-09-30
Budget End
2010-08-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2009
Total Cost
$238,500
Indirect Cost
Name
California Institute of Technology
Department
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
009584210
City
Pasadena
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
91125
Smith, Alec; Bernheim, B Douglas; Camerer, Colin et al. (2014) Neural Activity Reveals Preferences Without Choices. Am Econ J Microecon 6:1-36
Lim, Seung-Lark; O'Doherty, John P; Rangel, Antonio (2013) Stimulus value signals in ventromedial PFC reflect the integration of attribute value signals computed in fusiform gyrus and posterior superior temporal gyrus. J Neurosci 33:8729-41