Schizophrenia is a complex syndrome that may preferentially affect the temporal lobes. One possible structural correlate is a shift in the amount and patterns of cortical folding (gyrification). A morphometric measure of relative gyral development will test several hypotheses in the temporal lobes. the measure is the gyrification index which is a ration of the total cortical contour divided by the cortical contour which is superficially exposed. As the measure is relative, it does not change when the lobes are processed differently and so MR images and histological sections can be compared directly. A preliminary study on the gyrification index in monozygotic twins discordant for schizophrenia shows a possible difference in the right temporal lobe at the level of the rostral hippocampus. The hypotheses to be tested are as follows. 1_0 Schizophrenic and normal temporal lobes differ in their patterns of gyrification and this difference will be found on the medial temporal lobe and not on the lateral. 2) The normal variation in patterns of temporal lobe gyrification does not overlap that of schizophrenia. 3) No consistent lateralization in the gyrification index are normally found between the two temporal lobes, but they are present in schizophrenia. 4) During ontogeny, the development of temporal lobe gyrification does not increase in a smooth rostrocaudal wave, but shows some topographic independence. 5) Temporal lobes with atrophic changes will show a different pattern of gyrification indices than those observed in normal and schizophrenic brains.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Small Research Grants (R03)
Project #
1R03MH045594-01
Application #
3429165
Study Section
Mental Health Small Grant Review Committee (MSM)
Project Start
1989-09-30
Project End
1990-08-31
Budget Start
1989-09-30
Budget End
1990-08-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
1989
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
American Registry of Pathology, Inc.
Department
Type
DUNS #
114400633
City
Washington
State
DC
Country
United States
Zip Code
20306
Armstrong, E; Schleicher, A; Omran, H et al. (1995) The ontogeny of human gyrification. Cereb Cortex 5:56-63
Armstrong, E; Curtis, M; Buxhoeveden, D P et al. (1991) Cortical gyrification in the rhesus monkey: a test of the mechanical folding hypothesis. Cereb Cortex 1:426-32