Support is requested for a Keystone Symposia conference entitled Cancer Stem Cells: Advances in Biology and Clinical Translation, organized by Drs. Irene Oi Lin Ng, Xin Wei Wang and Dean G. Tang. The conference will be held in Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong from October 13-17, 2019. Preponderant experimental and clinical evidence has demonstrated that pervasive cancer cell heterogeneity in both phenotypic presentations and functional properties exists, such that a population of cancer cells with cardinal stem cell properties (i.e., cancer stem cells) pre-exists in untreated tumors and spatiotemporally evolves during tumor progression and therapeutic interventions. Recent studies have also revealed significant phenotypic and functional plasticity in cancer cells, regulated by both genetic networks and epigenetic mechanisms. Both cancer cell heterogeneity and plasticity constitute major barriers to efficient and durable clinical treatments. Ever since the revival of the cancer stem cell research field around the turn of the century, we have made great strides in identifying and elucidating the biology of cancer stem cells in virtually all tumor systems. Significant progress has also been made in understanding how cancer stem cells interact with the cellular constituents and soluble factors in the proinflammatory and immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment. Facilitated by an explosion of technical advances in recent years, especially single-cell RNA-seq, we are achieving an unprecedented appreciation of the complexity of the cellular heterogeneity of human tumors. Significantly, novel therapeutic strategies that target cancer stem cells and cancer cell heterogeneity and plasticity are rapidly progressing to the clinical arena. This conference is organized to recapitulate these recent advances in our understanding of cancer stem cell biology and, importantly, the clinical translation of targeting cancer stem cells.
Despite intensive research, effective treatment for most types of metastatic malignancies remains elusive and cancer continues to be the leading cause of death and mortality worldwide. This Keystone Symposia conference will occur at a time when the cancer stem cell field has begun to transition from early stage investigation to a field in which tangible progress, including therapeutic agents in clinical trials, is being made. This conference is organized to recapitulate these recent advances in our understanding of cancer stem cell biology and the clinical translation of targeting cancer stem cells and aims to promote an interdisciplinary assessment of where the field is going and to explore how best to navigate roadblocks and hurdles to fully realizing the potential of this field for improving human health.
