Nucleotide repeat expansion mutations cause a variety of genetic disorders including myotonic dystrophy (DM) types 1 and 2, and a large fraction of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We developed a cell-based screen and secondary validation assays to identify small molecules for Dm1. We screened a diverse collection of small molecules and identified 60 novel hit compounds (myotonic dystrophy inhibitors-MDIs) that in secondary assays selectively disperse expanded CUG repeat- containing RNAs prone to form nuclear aggregates and sequester critical RNA-binding proteins in DM1 patient?s derived cells. Significantly, we showed that these compounds also dissipate expanded CCUG repeat-containing RNA foci in DM2 patient?s derived cells, suggesting that they may hold therapeutic potential across distinct GC-rich repeat expansion diseases. Building on the knowledge gained in our DM1 project, we have designed a screening strategy to identify potential small molecule therapeutics for FTD/ALS caused by an hexanucleotide expansion in the C9orf72 gene (C9FTD/ALS). In this project, wepropose to develop, optimize and validate a cell-based assay platform to measure critical molecular parameters of C9FTD/ALS disease. Next, we will use this platform to test whether compounds that affect the stability of toxic CUG RNA foci can disperse expanded G4C2 repeat RNA foci and decrease dipeptide proteins accumulation, two causes of toxicity in C9FTD/ALS patient?s derived cells. Lastly, we will perform a proof-of-concept screen of a diverse custom set of small-molecule compounds to best assess the value and efficacy of our screening platform to identify potential therapeutic agents for C9FTD/ALS. As there is no effective treatment for FTD or ALS, the identification of small molecules of potential therapeutic value offers hope for individuals with these debilitating and fatal diseases.
The aim of this project is to develop and validate a screening platform to identify novel potent chemical compounds of therapeutic value for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia patients with nucleotide repeat expansion mutations in the C9orf72 gene. Since there is currently no effective treatment for these diseases, the identification of candidate drugs that halt or slow down their progress is urgently needed.
